Microbial manganese peroxidase: a ligninolytic enzyme and its ample opportunities in research

Abstract

Microbial ligninolytic enzymes like laccase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase have gained much attention in many industrial applications. Among these, manganese peroxidases are key contributors in the microbial ligninolytic system. It mainly oxidizes Mn(II) ions that remain present in wood and soils, into more reactive Mn 3+ form, stabilized by fungal chelators like oxalic acids. However, Mn 3+ acts as a diffusible redox intermediate, a low molecular weight compound, which breaks phenolic lignin and produces free radicals that have a tendency to disintegrate involuntarily. It has a great application potential and ample opportunities in diverse area, such as alcohol, pulp and paper, biofuel, agriculture, cosmetic, textile, and food industries. This review article is focused on the sources, catalytic reaction mechanisms and different biotechnological applications. However, manganese peroxidases have a potential for degradation of many xenobiotic compounds and produce polymeric products formulated them into valuable tools for bioremediation purposes. In addition, microbial MnPs can also convert lignin into biomass so that the sugar can be converted into bio-fuels. Thus, this review article is mainly focused and highlighted the current scenario and updated information on manganese peroxidase enzyme.

Biotransformation and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Kraft Lignin Degraded by Ligninolytic Serratia liquefaciens

“…During the last decade, several bacteria and fungi with the ability to degrade or biotransform various types of lignin have been isolated. The abilities of microorganisms to degrade lignin are due to their ligninolytic enzymatic systems, which include the following “ligninolytic”: lignin peroxidases (LiPs), laccases (LACs), and manganese peroxidases (MnPs) (Chandra and Chowdhary, 2015; Chowdhary et al, 2018). These enzymes were initially reported in fungi and subsequently in bacteria (Saratale et al, 2009; Bugg et al, 2011; Harms et al, 2011).…”

Trends and Applications of Omics Technologies to Functional Characterisation of Enzymes and Protein Metabolites Produced by Fungi

“…Table 1 shows some important examples of industrially relevant fungal enzymes and the aspects of industry in which they have found application. Several authors in recent times have reviewed the applications of these enzymes [37][38][39].…”

“…Table 1 shows some important examples of industrially relevant fungal enzymes and the aspects of industry in which they have found application. Several authors in recent times have reviewed the applications of these enzymes [37][38][39]. There are additional enzymes that have been recently elucidated that find application in the bioremediation of recalcitrant pollutants as well as heterocyclic substrates, including aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated biphenyl esters, and chlorinated benzenes [40].…”

Biochemical features of dye‐decolorizing peroxidases: Current impact on lignin degradation

“…Previous reports have highlighted a role of several different classes of enzymes in attacking lignin or lignin model compounds. Lignin peroxidases [25][26][27][28], manganese-dependent peroxidases [29][30][31], versatile peroxidases [32], and laccases [13,[33][34][35][36] have been extensively studied for their lignin degradation activity. These enzymes, except for laccases, all depend on H 2 O 2 for their activity.…”