Microbial induction of dentinal caries in human teeth in vitro

Nagaoka, Sumiharu; Liu, Hong-Jih; Minemoto, Katashi; Kawagoe, Mikio

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(06)80983-0

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The ability of mixed cultures of bacteria, associated with coronal or root caries, to invade dentine was investigated by Nagaoka et al (74). Their data suggested that invasion of Lactobacillus casei was enhanced when co‐cultured with S. sobrinus or A. naeslundii .…”

Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells of S. mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and A. naeslundii have all been shown to penetrate dentine discs in vitro (21,69,70). Invasion of root dentinal tubules by pure cultures of streptococci or enterococci associated with root canal infections in vivo, or with dentinal caries, has been demonstrated histologically (10,19,22,65,(71)(72)(73)(74). In contrast, invasion of dentine by mono-cultures of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria is less clear but invasion has not been generally recognized.…”

Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, dentinal tubule invasion by Candida albicans has been reported (78,79) and invasion may be species specific in this genus as it has been shown that C. albicans was the only one of five yeasts to invade dentine (80). The ability of mixed cultures of bacteria, associated with coronal or root caries, to invade dentine was investigated by Nagaoka et al (74). Their data suggested that invasion of Lactobacillus casei was enhanced when co-cultured with S. sobrinus or A. naeslundii.…”

Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasion of dentinal tubules by root canal bacteria

Love¹

2004

Endodontic Topics

234

274

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Bacterial invasion of dentinal tubules and the clinical consequences have been recognized for over a century. However, while many components of the infected dentinal tubule microflora have been identified, it is likely that there are etiological agents involved in endodontic infections that have not yet been recognized. Bacterial invasion of coronal dentinal tubules occurs when the dentine is exposed to the oral environment and of radicular dentinal tubules subsequent to infection of the root canal system or as a consequence of periodontal disease. The content and architecture of a dentinal tubule can influence bacterial invasion, with tubule patency being important. This can account for regional variations in bacterial invasion and is particularly seen with dentinal sclerosis, where more advanced sclerotic changes in apical radicular tubules, especially in elderly individuals, limit bacterial invasion in this area. While several hundred bacterial species are known to inhabit the oral cavity, a relatively small and select group of bacteria are involved in invasion of dentinal tubules. Gram‐positive organisms dominate the tubule microflora in both carious and non‐carious dentine. The relatively high numbers of obligate anaerobes present, such as Eubacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus micros, and Veillonella spp., suggests that the environment favors the growth of these bacteria. Gram‐negative obligate anaerobic rods, e.g. Porphyromonas spp., are less frequently recovered; however, with time, fastidious obligately anaerobic bacteria become established as principal components of the microflora and can be found within the deep dentine layers. In the early stages of infection, Gram‐positive bacteria dominate the microflora. The identification of adhesins that mediate these initial interactions of bacteria with dentine is important for understanding the development of tubule infection and in designing adhesion‐blocking compounds. Recent evidence suggests that streptococci and enterococci may recognize components present within dentinal tubules, such as collagen type I, which stimulate bacterial adhesion and intra‐tubular growth. Specific interactions of other oral bacteria with invading streptococci may then facilitate invasion of dentine by select bacteria. It is important therefore that the mechanisms of invasion and inter‐bacterial adhesion are understood to assist development of novel control strategies.

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Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasion of dentinal tubules by root canal bacteria

Love¹

2004

Endodontic Topics

234

274

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“…The ability of mixed cultures of bacteria, associated with coronal or root caries, to invade dentin was investigated by Nagaoka et al (1995). Analysis of their data suggested that invasion of L. casei was enhanced when co-cultured with S. sobrinus or A. naeslundii .…”

Section: (Vii) Bacterial Invasion In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of Dentinal Tubules by Oral Bacteria

Love

Jenkinson

2002

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

375

114

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Bacterial invasion of dentinal tubules commonly occurs when dentin is exposed following a breach in the integrity of the overlying enamel or cementum. Bacterial products diffuse through the dentinal tubule toward the pulp and evoke inflammatory changes in the pulpo-dentin complex. These may eliminate the bacterial insult and block the route of infection. Unchecked, invasion results in pulpitis and pulp necrosis, infection of the root canal system, and periapical disease. While several hundred bacterial species are known to inhabit the oral cavity, a relatively small and select group of bacteria is involved in the invasion of dentinal tubules and subsequent infection of the root canal space. Gram-positive organisms dominate the tubule microflora in both carious and non-carious dentin. The relatively high numbers of obligate anaerobes present-such as Eubacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus micros, and Veillonella spp.-suggest that the environment favors growth of these bacteria. Gram-negative obligate anaerobic rods, e.g., Porphyromonas spp., are less frequently recovered. Streptococci are among the most commonly identified bacteria that invade dentin. Recent evidence suggests that streptococci may recognize components present within dentinal tubules, such as collagen type I, which stimulate bacterial adhesion and intra-tubular growth. Specific interactions of other oral bacteria with invading streptococci may then facilitate the invasion of dentin by select bacterial groupings. An understanding the mechanisms involved in dentinal tubule invasion by bacteria should allow for the development of new control strategies, such as inhibitory compounds incorporated into oral health care products or dental materials, which would assist in the practice of endodontics.

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“…1991; Firestone et al . 1993; Nagaoka et al . 1995) and so the fact that this novel model system can harbour a bacterial population for a number of weeks bodes well for its potential use in modelling root surface caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel in vitro model system to grow films of oral bacteria for the study of human tooth root surface caries

Aldsworth¹,

MacFarlane²

2001

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To develop a simple and¯exible novel in vitro model system to grow ®lms of oral bacteria that could be used to study aspects of dental caries. Methods and Results: Standardized suspensions of bacteria were inoculated into Ultrafree-CL (Millipore) ultra®ltration units at various densities. These were incubated for varying time intervals with a range of carbon sources. The bacterial ®lms reproducibly achieved between 10 7 and 10 8 cfu cm )2 , irrespective of the number inoculated and with no signi®cant changes for 14 d. However, Streptococcus mutans grew through membranes with pores of diameter greater than 0á1 lm after 6 d. Culture of ®lms in sucrose or water for 6 d led to a decreased number of colony-forming units, but returning them to broth reversed this. Conclusions: Reproducible ®lms of oral bacteria can be cultured in Ultrafree-CL units. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: This study has shown that Ultrafree-CL units can be used as a simple model system to grow bio®lms that could be used for dental caries research.

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Microbial induction of dentinal caries in human teeth in vitro

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Invasion of dentinal tubules by root canal bacteria

Invasion of dentinal tubules by root canal bacteria

Invasion of Dentinal Tubules by Oral Bacteria

A novel in vitro model system to grow films of oral bacteria for the study of human tooth root surface caries

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