Microbial H2S generation in hydrocarbon reservoirs: Analysis of mechanisms and recent remediation technologies

Hagar, Haithm Salah; Foroozesh, Jalal; Kumar, Sunil; Zivar, Davood; Banan, Negar; Dzulkarnain, Iskandar

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104729

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Other methods to inhibit microbial impact include nitrate injection [215] and perchlorate treatment [216,217]. A detailed review of these methods is presented in the recent literature [218]. Porous reservoirs may experience permanent deformation that results in volume loss.…”

Section: Mitigation Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Ramesh Kumar,

Honorio,

Chandra

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier for a low-carbon future energy system, as it can be stored on a megaton scale (equivalent to TWh of energy) in subsurface reservoirs. However, safe and eﬀicient underground hydrogen storage requires a thorough understanding of the geomechanics of the host rock under fluid pressure fluctuations. In this context, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding geomechanics relevant to carbon dioxide and natural gas storage in salt caverns and depleted reservoirs. We further elaborate on how this knowledge can be applied to underground hydrogen storage. The primary focus lies on the mechanical response of rocks under cyclic hydrogen injection and production, fault reactivation, the impact of hydrogen on rock properties, and other associated risks and challenges. In addition, we discuss wellbore integrity from the perspective of underground hydrogen storage. The paper provides insights into the history of energy storage, laboratory scale experiments, and analytical and simulation studies at the field scale. We also emphasize the current knowledge gaps and the necessity to enhance our understanding of the geomechanical aspects of hydrogen storage. This involves developing predictive models coupled with laboratory scale and field-scale testing, along with benchmarking methodologies.

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Section: Mitigation Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Ramesh Kumar,

Honorio,

Chandra

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…14 H 2 S and CO 2 are commonly cogenerated via thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions in the deep carbonate reservoirs, which involves complex redox reactions of sulfate minerals with petroleum. 15,16 The coexistence CO 2 and H 2 S also occurs during oil and gas production operations due to the sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) after secondary recovery by (sea) water flooding (see example in ref 17) and thermal recovery/steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) via aquathermolysis (hydrolysis) (see example in ref 18), which could cause serious reservoir souring and associated production issues such as internal corrosion in oil and gas pipelines, and pipeline failure, perforations, leaks, and cracks (see examples in refs 19−21). It not only causes huge economic losses but also poses a serious safety and environmental concern because H 2 S is highly toxic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, co-injecting CO 2 and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is proposed as a suitable carbon capture and storage (CCS) scheme due to the high costs of purifying, capturing, and compressing CO 2 . , In addition, there are numerous sour gas reservoirs (with the H 2 S concentration of more than four ppm) around the world, such as the Upper Smackover Formation, Mississippi, USA, and Lower Triassic Feixiangguan Formation, Sichuan, China . H 2 S and CO 2 are commonly cogenerated via thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions in the deep carbonate reservoirs, which involves complex redox reactions of sulfate minerals with petroleum. , The coexistence CO 2 and H 2 S also occurs during oil and gas production operations due to the sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) after secondary recovery by (sea) water flooding (see example in ref ) and thermal recovery/steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) via aquathermolysis (hydrolysis) (see example in ref ), which could cause serious reservoir souring and associated production issues such as internal corrosion in oil and gas pipelines, and pipeline failure, perforations, leaks, and cracks (see examples in refs − ). It not only causes huge economic losses but also poses a serious safety and environmental concern because H 2 S is highly toxic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Machine Learning Models for CO₂ and H₂S Solubility in Water and NaCl Brine: Implications for Geoenergy Extraction and Carbon Storage

Wei,

Lu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Accurate determination of CO2 and H2S pure gas and mixture solubility of CO2 and H2S in water and brine is important to predict the chemical reactions, phase behavior, and solubility trapping of the sour gases in petroleum reservoir engineering and underground carbon storage. In this study, three machine learning (ML) models, backpropagation neural networks (BPNN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models, were implemented to predict gas solubility. In addition, a fourth model called fusion model has been developed for higher accuracy by stacking the three aforementioned models. The models were trained and validated with a database of experimental data with a wide range of temperature, pressure, NaCl salinity, and initial H2S concentration (2784 data points). The results from the four models are highly consistent and agree well with the experimental data. Among these models, the fusion model shows the best performance in estimating the gas solubility with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) and an adjusted R 2 of 0.0271 and 0.9995, respectively, which are better than previous ML and correlation methods in the literature. In addition, a software was developed in this study for visually analyzing the gas solubility trends with different variables. Sensitivity analyses show that pressure and temperature are the most sensitive parameters. The gas solubility in water and brine increases monotonically with temperature, but logarithmically with increasing pressure. The results predict that the CO2 + H2S mixture is more soluble than the pure CO2. Salinity has an inhibitory effect on the solubility. At high salinity, the solubility increases with increasing pressure or temperature compared to that at low salinity. The CO2 and H2S solubility modeling is essential for several applications such as reservoir souring, CO2 sequestration, CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR), thermal recovery/steam-assisted gravity drainage via aquathermolysis, and corrosion-related issues in sour gas fields. A library of charts and tables of solubility data were generated for the relevant gas solubility in a wide range of conditions, which provides a ready reference for geoscientists and chemical and petroleum engineers to acquire CO2 and H2S solubilities at desired conditions.

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“…existence is possible in oil field environments. Biocides like glutaraldehyde have been recommended for injection as a method of preventing H2S generation [7]. Because SRB grew in the covered microorganisms and the biocide was inactivated in the area around the film and the elements, this treatment was costly and had little to no impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Bio-Competitive Exclusion on Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Oil Reservoir Water Treatment

2023

Global NEST: The International Journal

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<p>In the presence of nitrogen oxides, nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) may use nitrate as an electron acceptor, reduce nitrate to nitrite, and finally convert nitrite to nitrogen or ammonium (NO and N2O). Studies have shown that BCX (Bio-Competitive Exclusion) is a viable , ecologically benign, and low-cost technique for regulating NRB in its first phases of study and application. More precisely, Pseudomonas sp. to isolate nitrate-reducing bacteria from oil-field wastewater using 16S rDNA sequencing and selection (NRB). Including NO3 and NO2 as bio-activators has helped researchers get a deeper understanding of the processes that govern NRB activation. The potential for molybdate and NRB to inhibit Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB) was also investigated. The results showed that NO2 was more effective than NO3. The effect was greatest at a 1:4 ratio of NO3 to NO2. NRB activation synergized with low molybdic acid solution concentrations (5%). Static corrosion model experiments demonstrated the importance of SRB in the corroding process. Biological inhibitors were shown to have the lowest corrosion rates, proving their effectiveness. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the corroded steel sheet's surface morphology. In addition, there was almost no surface corrosion or pitting on the steel sheet.</p>

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Microbial H2S generation in hydrocarbon reservoirs: Analysis of mechanisms and recent remediation technologies

Cited by 16 publications

References 104 publications

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Advanced Machine Learning Models for CO₂ and H₂S Solubility in Water and NaCl Brine: Implications for Geoenergy Extraction and Carbon Storage

Impact of Bio-Competitive Exclusion on Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Oil Reservoir Water Treatment

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Microbial H2S generation in hydrocarbon reservoirs: Analysis of mechanisms and recent remediation technologies

Cited by 16 publications

References 104 publications

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Comprehensive review of geomechanics of underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs and salt caverns

Advanced Machine Learning Models for CO2 and H2S Solubility in Water and NaCl Brine: Implications for Geoenergy Extraction and Carbon Storage

Impact of Bio-Competitive Exclusion on Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Oil Reservoir Water Treatment

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Advanced Machine Learning Models for CO₂ and H₂S Solubility in Water and NaCl Brine: Implications for Geoenergy Extraction and Carbon Storage