Microbial etiology of bacterial chronic prostatitis: systematic review

Mendoza-Rodríguez, R; Hernández-Chico, I; Gutiérrez-Soto, Blanca; Navarro-Marí, José María; Gutiérrez‐Fernández, José

doi:10.37201/req/099.2022

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Para E. faecalis , las tasas de resistencia a nitrofurantoína y fosfomicina de Cai et al [ 10 ] concuerdan con lo hallado en nuestro trabajo. Si bien con fosfomicina no existe una amplia experiencia clínica y nitrofurantoina se ha empleado como terapia de continuación, para erradicar la bacteriuria que frecuentemente se asocia a la BPS [ 19 ].…”

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Antibiotic resistance changes in episodes of symptomatic bacteriospermia: development in a health area of southeast Spain

et al. 2023

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Background. Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is an entity of difficult clinical diagnosis and treatment, being the microbiological study of semen the main diagnostic test. This study aimed to determine the etiology and antibiotic resistance in patients with symptomatic bacteriospermia (SBP) in our environment. Material and methods. A cross-sectional and retrospective descriptive study has been carried out from a Regional Hospital of the Spanish Southeast. The participants were patients assisted in the consultations of the Hospital with clinic compatible with CBP, between 2016 and 2021. The interventions were collection and analysis of the results derived from the microbiological study of the semen sample. The main determinations were the etiology and rate of antibiotic resistance of BPS episodes are analyzed. Results. The main isolated microorganism is Enterococcus faecalis (34.89%), followed by Ureaplasma spp. (13.74%) and Escherichia coli (10.98%). The rate of antibiotic resistance of E. faecalis to quinolones (11%) is lower than previous studies, while for E. coli it has been higher (35%). The low rate of resistance shown by E. faecalis and E. coli to fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin stands out. Conclusions. In the SBP, gram-positive and atypical bacteria are established as the main causative agents of this entity. This forces us to rethink the therapeutic strategy used, which will avoid the increase in antibiotic resistance, recurrences, and chronicity of this pathology.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Antibiotic resistance changes in episodes of symptomatic bacteriospermia: development in a health area of southeast Spain

et al. 2023

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“…Recent studies have shown an evolution in the treatment options for CBP. Though fluoroquinolones have been the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of CBP, the emerging bacterial resistance amongst common uropathogens like E. coli , Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus spp., and persistence or recurrences of infection have brought forth other, more unconventional treatments for treating CBP ( Mendoza-Rodríguez, et al, 2023 ). This includes utilising drugs like Fosfomycin which have traditionally been used for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, as well as alternative modalities like phage therapy ( Letkiewicz, et al, 2010 ; Su, et al, 2020 ; Xiong, et al, 2020 ; Marino, et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: Successful treatment of recurrent E. coli infection with bacteriophage therapy for patient suffering from chronic bacterial prostatitis

Johri,

Hoyle

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis (CBP) is inflammation of the prostate caused by bacterial infection. An estimated 8.2% of men have prostatitis, most commonly under the age of 50. Antibiotics often fail to treat CBP due to presence of bacterial biofilms and rising antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacterial strains. The multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains often implicated in cases of CBP include Extended Spectrum Beta Lactam resistant Escherichia coli, Vancomycin resistant Enterococci, Gram-positive bacterial strains like Staphylococci and Streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae like Klebsiella and Proteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CBP patients experience significant deterioration in quality of life, with impact on mental health comparable with patients of diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure, leading patients to explore alternatives like phage therapy.Case presentation: We present the case of a patient diagnosed with and exhibiting typical symptoms of CBP. Tests of the prostatic and seminal fluids identified E. coli as the causative pathogen. The patient did not experience favourable long-term treatment outcomes despite repeated antibiotic courses administered over 5 years. This led him to seek phage therapy for treatment of his condition.Methods and outcome: The cultured strain of E. coli was tested against bacteriophage preparations developed by the Eliava Institute, Georgia. Preparations showing lytic activity against the strain were used for the patient’s treatment at the Eliava Phage Therapy Center (EPTC). The patient underwent two courses of treatment with the EPTC. The first treatment course resulted in significant symptomatic improvement, followed by complete resolution of symptoms post the second course of phage therapy. Samples tested during treatment showed declining bacterial growth, corresponding with symptomatic improvement. Post-treatment cultures had no growth of pathogenic bacteria.Discussion: This case illustrates the efficacy of bacteriophages in treating CBP, a condition that is often resistant to antibiotic therapies. Antibiotics such as ofloxacin, Fosfomycin, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin and ceftriaxone were administered in multiple courses over 5 years, but the infection recurred after each course. After two courses of phage therapy, the patient experienced long-term symptom resolution and substantial reduction in bacterial load. Increasing numbers of such cases globally warrant further research into the potential for bacteriophages for treating MDR and chronic infections.

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“…While several risk factors for progression to chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) have been identified—such as alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, large prostate volume and history of prostate surgery [ 11 ]—most of the patients with ABP who progress to CBP do not present known risk factors of progression. Gram-positive bacteria and atypical bacteria are the main pathogens involved in the etiology of CBP, with Enterococcus faecalis (46.90%), Staphylococcus (22.30%), Escherichia coli (15.09%) and atypical bacteria (6.04%) being the more prevalent [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pain Pelvic Syndrome and Male Infertility

Graziani,

Grande,

Martin

et al. 2023

Life

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Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is defined as urologic pain or discomfort in the pelvic region, associated with urinary symptoms and/or sexual dysfunction, lasting for at least 3 of the previous 6 months. The rate of symptoms related to prostatitis has a mean prevalence of 8–8.2%. CP/CPPS is most frequent in men younger than 50 years, among whom it is the most common urologic diagnosis. In the last decades, many studies have been published on CP/CPPS and its association with male infertility. The pathophysiologic relation between CP/CPPS and male infertility involves several aspects, which are not well studied yet. A reduction in semen parameters has been demonstrated in patients with CP/CPPS, and several mechanisms have been proposed to represent putative pathophysiological links between CP/CPPS and infertility, including male accessory gland inflammation, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, HPV co-infection and autoimmunity. In light of this evidence, a multidisciplinary approach is advocated for patients with known CP/CPPS, and particular attention is needed for male patients of infertile couples in order to evaluate male accessory glands correctly. In addition, it is advisable that future studies dealing with the treatment of CP/CPPS take into consideration all the different pathophysiological aspects implicated.

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Microbial etiology of bacterial chronic prostatitis: systematic review

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Antibiotic resistance changes in episodes of symptomatic bacteriospermia: development in a health area of southeast Spain

Antibiotic resistance changes in episodes of symptomatic bacteriospermia: development in a health area of southeast Spain

Case report: Successful treatment of recurrent E. coli infection with bacteriophage therapy for patient suffering from chronic bacterial prostatitis

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pain Pelvic Syndrome and Male Infertility

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