Microbial diversity in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Pushalkar, Smruti; Mane, Shrinivasrao P.; Ji, Xiaojie; Li, Yihong; Evans, Clive; Crasta, Oswald; Morse, Donald R.; Meagher, Robert J.; Singh, Anup K.; Saxena, Deepak

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2010.00773.x

Cited by 144 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The number of species ranged between 100 and 300 in a single individual, and a total of 692 species were detected overall. Some recent sequencing efforts have estimated much higher numbers of species and a higher fraction of uncharacterized species (Keijser et al, 2008;Pushalkar et al, 2011). There are several potential explanations for the differences observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing

et al. 2011

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Periodontitis has a polymicrobial etiology within the framework of a complex microbial ecosystem. With advances in sequencing technologies, comprehensive studies to elucidate bacterial community differences have recently become possible. We used 454 sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to compare subgingival bacterial communities from 29 periodontally healthy controls and 29 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Amplicons from both the V1-2 and V4 regions of the 16S gene were sequenced, yielding 1 393 579 sequences. They were identified by BLAST against a curated oral 16S database, and mapped to 16 phyla, 106 genera, and 596 species. 81% of sequences could be mapped to cultivated species. Differences between health-and periodontitis-associated bacterial communities were observed at all phylogenetic levels, and UniFrac and principal coordinates analysis showed distinct community profiles in health and disease. Community diversity was higher in disease, and 123 species were identified that were significantly more abundant in disease, and 53 in health. Spirochaetes, Synergistetes and Bacteroidetes were more abundant in disease, whereas the Proteobacteria were found at higher levels in healthy controls. Within the phylum Firmicutes, the class Bacilli was health-associated, whereas the Clostridia, Negativicutes and Erysipelotrichia were associated with disease. These results implicate a number of taxa that will be targets for future research. Some, such as Filifactor alocis and many Spirochetes were represented by a large fraction of sequences as compared with previously identified targets. Elucidation of these differences in community composition provides a basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing

et al. 2011

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“…Unfortunately, to date some studies have included only cultured oral bacterial species, using classical cloning and sequencing approaches [12,13]. More recent studies of the oral microbiota have examined patients with OSCC and precancerous lesions, but they have been limited in scope and provide inconsistent results [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent approaches using 454 parallel sequencing of the 16S rRNA were used to assess the diversity and relative abundance of bacteria in the saliva of OSCC patients and revealed a majority of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes with only fifteen unique OTUs associated to OSCC patients [16,19]. The oral microbiome has previously been related to the establishment and progression of precancerous lesions and neoplasms in the oral cavity [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing identifies microbiota associated with oral cancer, Human Papilloma Virus infection and surgical treatment

et al. 2016

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Systemic inflammatory events and localized disease, mediated by the microbiome, may be measured in saliva as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnostic and prognostic biomonitors. We used a 16S rRNA V3-V5 marker gene approach to compare the saliva microbiome in DNA isolated from Oropharyngeal (OPSCC), Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OCSCC) patients and normal epithelium controls, to characterize the HNSCC saliva microbiota and examine their abundance before and after surgical resection.The analyses identified a predominance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, with less frequent presence of Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria before surgery. At lower taxonomic levels, the most abundant genera were Streptococcus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, Lactobacillus and Veillonella, with lower numbers of Citrobacter and Neisseraceae genus Kingella. HNSCC patients had a significant loss in richness and diversity of microbiota species (p<0.05) compared to the controls. Overall, the Operational Taxonomic Units network shows that the relative abundance of OTU's within genus Streptococcus, Dialister, and Veillonella can be used to discriminate tumor from control samples (p<0.05). Tumor samples lost Neisseria, Aggregatibacter (Proteobacteria), Haemophillus (Firmicutes) and Leptotrichia (Fusobacteria). Paired taxa within family Enterobacteriaceae, together with genus Oribacterium, distinguish OCSCC samples from OPSCC and normal samples (p<0.05). Similarly, only HPV positive samples have an abundance of genus Gemellaceae and Leuconostoc (p<0.05). Longitudinal analyses of samples taken before and after Research PaperOncotarget 51321 www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget surgery, revealed a reduction in the alpha diversity measure after surgery, together with an increase of this measure in patients that recurred (p<0.05). These results suggest that microbiota may be used as HNSCC diagnostic and prognostic biomonitors.

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“…Further, the availability of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology together with the rapid expansion of bacterial genome data has now made it feasible to identify the primary bacterial residents in saliva (Cephas et al, 2011;Lazarevic et al, 2010;Pushalkar et al, 2011). It is anticipated that such high-throughput sequencing will assist in identifying potential cariogenic species that may not have been detected using currently available technologies such as 16S rRNA analysis.…”

Section: Role Of (Early) Hta In Oral Health and Systems Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Early Stage Health Technology Assessment for Precision Biomarkers in Oral Health and Systems Medicine

Steuten

2016

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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Health technology assessment (HTA) is a crucial science that influences the responsible and evidence-based transition of new discoveries from laboratory to applications in the clinic and society. HTA has recently moved ''upstream'' so as to assess technologies from their onset at their discovery, design, or planning phase. Biomarker research is relatively recent in oral health, but growing rapidly with investments made to advance dentistry and oral health and importantly, to build effective bridges between oral health and systems medicine since what happens in oral health affects systems pathophysiology, and vice versa. This article offers a synthesis of the latest trends and approaches in early phase HTA, with a view to near future applications in oral health, systems medicine, and biomarker-guided precision medicine. In brief, this review underscores that demonstrating health outcomes of biomarkers and next-generation diagnostics is particularly challenging because they do not always influence long-term outcomes directly, but rather impact subsequent care processes. Biomarker testing costs are typically less of a barrier to uptake in practice than the biomarker's impact on longer term health outcomes. As a single biomarker or next-generation diagnostic in oral health can inform decisions about numerous downstream diagnosis-treatment combinations, early stage ''upstream'' HTA is crucial in prioritizing the most valuable diagnostic applications to pursue first. For the vast array of oral health biomarkers currently developed, early HTA is necessary to timely and iteratively assess their comparative effectiveness and anticipate the inevitable questions about value for money from regulators and payers.

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Microbial diversity in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Cited by 144 publications

References 77 publications

Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing

Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing identifies microbiota associated with oral cancer, Human Papilloma Virus infection and surgical treatment

Early Stage Health Technology Assessment for Precision Biomarkers in Oral Health and Systems Medicine

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