Microbial diversity in bovine papillomatous digital dermatitis in Holstein dairy cows from upstate New York

Santos, Thiago M. A.; Pereira, Richard Van Vleck; Caixeta, L. S.; Guard, C.L.; Bicalho, R.C.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01234.x

Cited by 50 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The largest diversity of species was identified in control feet and posttreatment lesions, followed by early-stage lesions, and finally the lowest number of species was identified in end-stage lesions. Although on a different scale, the alpha rarefaction plot published by Santos et al (53) showed a similar outcome with a much more diverse population in the healthy control feet than in DD lesions. Due to the fact that only 700 clones were sequenced, the alpha rarefaction plots from the paper by Santos et al do not come close to the asymptote.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Overall, these data provide strong evidence to support the view that DD is a polybacterial disease with significant changes in Treponema spe- This evaluation of the temporal changes to the bovine foot metagenome throughout the early development of DD using culture-independent methods is the most in-depth one published to date. Several researchers (15,53) have used 16S-based cloning to evaluate the DD microbiome by classic Sanger sequencing, creating at most 1,525 clones from nine bovine feet. Klitgaard et al (54) utilized high-throughput 16S-based 454 sequencing to create 212,827 sequences from 40 cows; however, instead of using universal 16S primers, they utilized a custom Treponema-specific primer to explore the diversity of this bacterial genus in each biopsy specimen (54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Sequencing Analysis Reveals Temporal Microbiota Changes Associated with Development of Bovine Digital Dermatitis

et al. 2014

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bBovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle throughout the world. Despite 35 years of research, the definitive etiologic agent associated with the disease process is still unknown. Previous studies have demonstrated that multiple bacterial species are associated with lesions, with spirochetes being the most reliably identified organism. This study details the deep sequencing-based metagenomic evaluation of 48 staged DD biopsy specimens collected during a 3-year longitudinal study of disease progression. Over 175 million sequences were evaluated by utilizing both shotgun and 16S metagenomic techniques. Based on the shotgun sequencing results, there was no evidence of a fungal or DNA viral etiology. The bacterial microbiota of biopsy specimens progresses through a systematic series of changes that correlate with the novel morphological lesion scoring system developed as part of this project. This scoring system was validated, as the microbiota of each stage was statistically significantly different from those of other stages (P < 0.001). The microbiota of control biopsy specimens were the most diverse and became less diverse as lesions developed. Although Treponema spp. predominated in the advanced lesions, they were in relatively low abundance in the newly described early lesions that are associated with the initiation of the disease process. The consortium of Treponema spp. identified at the onset of disease changes considerably as the lesions progress through the morphological stages identified. The results of this study support the hypothesis that DD is a polybacterial disease process and provide unique insights into the temporal changes in bacterial populations throughout lesion development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Sequencing Analysis Reveals Temporal Microbiota Changes Associated with Development of Bovine Digital Dermatitis

et al. 2014

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“…Moreover, a range of metagenomic studies have identified the association of specific treponeme phylogroups with DD lesions in Europe, Japan, and the United States (31)(32)(33)(34). In each of these studies, other bacterial genera were identified in DD lesions; however, only for the treponemes were there strong association data across all these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Isolation of Digital Dermatitis Treponemes from Hoof Lesions in Wild North American Elk (Cervus elaphus) in Washington State, USA

et al. 2015

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c Since 2008, a large increase in the numbers of cases of lameness have been seen in wild North American elk (Cervus elaphus) from Washington State, USA. The most recent cases manifested as foot lesions similar both clinically and pathologically to those seen in digital dermatitis (DD) in cattle and sheep, a disease with a bacterial etiopathogenesis. To determine whether the same bacteria considered responsible for DD are associated with elk lameness, lesion samples were subjected to bacterial isolation studies and PCR assays for three phylogroups of relevant DD treponemes. The DD treponemes were isolated from lesional tissues but not from control feet or other areas of the diseased foot (including the coronary band or interdigital space), suggesting that the bacteria are strongly associated with DD lesions and may therefore be causal. In addition, PCR analysis revealed that all three unique DD treponeme phylotypes were found in elk hoof disease, and in 23% of samples, all 3 DD-associated treponemes were present in lesions. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the elk lesion treponemes were phylogenetically almost identical to those isolated from cattle and sheep DD lesions. The isolates were particularly similar to two of the three culturable DD treponeme phylotypes: specifically, the Treponema medium/Treponema vincentii-like and Treponema phagedenislike DD spirochetes. The third treponeme culturable phylogroup (Treponema pedis), although detected by PCR, was not isolated. This is the first report describing isolation of DD treponemes from a wildlife host, suggesting that the disease may be evolving to include a wider spectrum of cloven-hoofed animals.

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“…DD is a polymicrobial disease, and Treponema phagedenis-like, Treponema denticola/ Treponema pedis-like, Treponema medium/Treponema vincentii-like, and Treponema refringens-like phylotypes are the most prevalent species found in the lesions (4,(12)(13)(14). However, it still remains to be answered where these treponemes come from and how the disease might spread between animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota Analysis of an Environmental Slurry and Its Potential Role as a Reservoir of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Pathogens

Klitgaard

Strube

Isbrand

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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At present, very little information exists regarding what role the environmental slurry may play as an infection reservoir and/or route of transmission for bovine digital dermatitis (DD), a disease which is a global problem in dairy herds. To investigate whether DD-related bacteria belong to the indigenous microbiota of the dairy herd environment, we used deep amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in 135 slurry samples collected from different sites in 22 dairy farms, with and without DD-infected cows. Both the general bacterial populations and digital dermatitisassociated Treponema were targeted in this study. The results revealed significant differences in the bacterial communities between the herds, with only 12 bacterial taxa shared across at least 80% of all the individual samples. These differences in the herd microbiota appeared to reflect mainly between-herd variation. Not surprisingly, the slurry was dominated by ubiquitous gastrointestinal bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Despite the low relative abundance of spirochetes, which ranged from 0 to 0.6%, we were able to detect small amounts of bacterial DNA from DD-associated treponemes in the slurry. However, the DDassociated Treponema spp. were detected only in samples from herds with reported DD problems. These data indicate that treponemes involved in the pathogenesis of DD are not part of the normal environmental microflora in dairy herds without clinical DD and, consequently, that slurry is not a primary reservoir of infection.IMPORTANCE Bovine digital dermatitis (DD), a dermal disease which causes lameness in dairy cattle, is a serious problem worldwide. To control this disease, the infection reservoirs and transmission routes of DD pathogens need to be clarified. The dairy herd slurry may be a pathogen reservoir of DD-associated bacteria. The rationale for the present study was, therefore, to examine whether DD-associated bacteria are always present in slurry or if they are found only in DD-afflicted herds. The results strongly indicated that DD Treponema spp. are not part of the indigenous slurry and, therefore, do not comprise an infection reservoir in healthy herds. This study applied next-generation sequencing technology to decipher the microbial compositions of environmental slurry of dairy herds with and without digital dermatitis.

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Microbial diversity in bovine papillomatous digital dermatitis in Holstein dairy cows from upstate New York

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Deep Sequencing Analysis Reveals Temporal Microbiota Changes Associated with Development of Bovine Digital Dermatitis

Deep Sequencing Analysis Reveals Temporal Microbiota Changes Associated with Development of Bovine Digital Dermatitis

Isolation of Digital Dermatitis Treponemes from Hoof Lesions in Wild North American Elk (Cervus elaphus) in Washington State, USA

Microbiota Analysis of an Environmental Slurry and Its Potential Role as a Reservoir of Bovine Digital Dermatitis Pathogens

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