Microbial Diversity and Ecosystem Function

Finlay, Bland J.; Maberly, Stephen C.; Cooper, J.I.

doi:10.2307/3546587

Cited by 254 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

142

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of environmental change, redundancy-the phenomenon in which a function is carried out by multiple species in an ecosystem-buffers functioning, as for any given environmental state there will be multiple organisms within a functional group which can perform optimally at a range of environmental conditions. It has been suggested that concerns for the maintenance of biodiversity cannot be extended to microbes [4]. The implicit assumption is that microbial community composition is not relevant for determining function because microbes are endlessly diverse, so that the only filter determining their function is the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Redundancy and Ecosystem Function — The Soil Microbiota as a Case Study

Jurburg¹,

Salles²

2015

Biodiversity in Ecosystems - Linking Structure and Function

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Redundancy and Ecosystem Function — The Soil Microbiota as a Case Study

Jurburg¹,

Salles²

2015

Biodiversity in Ecosystems - Linking Structure and Function

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Secondly, it could be another reason that there were organisms better suited to the new environmental conditions which would grow and compete other organisms, or existing organisms will undergo evolutionary adaptation. Species of the microbial community can rapidly adapt even to momentary changes in the local environment [20]. The sensitivity On the other hand, comparison with to the previous studies [2], some of bacillus strains were isolated in this study, but they were different species, it could be suggested that Brevibacillus parabrevis adapted to the change in temperature and it could be a mutation in its gene clusters which introduce another phenotype or genotype of bacillus sp.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Microbial Communitymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The sensitivity On the other hand, comparison with to the previous studies [2], some of bacillus strains were isolated in this study, but they were different species, it could be suggested that Brevibacillus parabrevis adapted to the change in temperature and it could be a mutation in its gene clusters which introduce another phenotype or genotype of bacillus sp. However, the total diversity and change in microbial community in present study could be explained by part of microbial community died and replaced by other microbial community species and genus [20]. Davis and Shaw [21] suggested that adaptive responses of vegetation to climate change occurred at many levels, including phenotypic plasticity, genetic adaptation, succession and migration processes.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Microbial Communitymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In response to changes in season (summer/winter), the microbial community composition and biomass can change. For example, microbes will change the composition of their membrane fatty acids after a change in temperature [20]. A change in the environment will therefore induce a selection pressure, which will gradually shift the growth optima of the community.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Microbial Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

EPS producing microorganisms from municipal wastewater activated sludge

Klai¹,

Yan²,

Rd³

et al. 2016

J Pet Environ Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial exopolysacchrides (EPSs) are produced by many bacteria. Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the isolation and exploitation of these polymers for industrial purposes. In general, biosynthesis of EPS varies from one strain to other strain and it depends on genes and enzymes involved in EPS production and secretion. In this study, EPS producing strains were isolated from municipal wastewater treatment plant and their potential of EPS production was evaluated. The role of EPS in sludge flocculation was also studied. Three types of EPS (LB-EPS (Loosely bound EPS), TB-EPS (Tightly bound EPS) and B-EPS (broth EPS)) were harvested and their characteristics were studied. The bioflocculation capacity of the obtained EPS was evaluated by measuring the kaolin clay flocculation activity. The LB-EPS was better than TB-EPS and B-EPS for bioflocculation.

show abstract

“…Soil fungi have been virtually ignored, despite being critical to ecosystem function as decomposers, mutualists, pathogens and a food-source for many other soil organisms. One argument for their exclusion from toxicological testing is that it is assumed that all fungi are 'r'-type strategists, with many species ready to occupy vacated niches should the appropriate environmental conditions arise (Finlay et al, 1997;Kapustka, 1999). However, some specialized fungi provide ecological functions that are not duplicated by any other organism, within the fungal or any other kingdom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural responses of Daucus carota root-organ cultures and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices, to 12 pharmaceuticals

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tPharmaceuticals and personal care products may enter the terrestrial environment through the amendment of agricultural soils with manure or biosolids with potential impacts on beneficial soil microbe populations. The beneficial symbiotic relationship between most plant species and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is a primary determinant of plant health and soil fertility. As such, there is increasing recognition of the need to study the impacts of anthropogenic stressors on plant-microbe interactions in soil ecotoxicology studies and risk assessment. A case study exploring the use of root-organ cultures to evaluate the effects of 12 common veterinary and human-use pharmaceuticals on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices grown on Daucus carota root-organ cultures is presented. The bioassays were conducted over a 28-day exposure period at concentrations up to 1000 lg l À1 . Root length and the fungal endpoints of hyphal growth and spore production were evaluated weekly during the study. Sulfamethoxazole and atorvastatin were the most phytotoxic compounds with EC 50 values of 45 lg l À1 and 65 lg l À1 , respectively. Three compounds exhibited selective mycotoxicity, whereby the fungal symbiont was adversely affected at concentrations significantly less than that calculated for root length. The EC 50 for G. intraradices hyphal length was 45 lg l À1 for doxycycline, while carbamazepine and 17-a-ethynyl estradiol targeted spore production with EC 50 values of 113 and 116 lg l À1 , respectively. The assay results indicate that the root lengths responded quickly to the presence of phytotoxic pharmaceuticals in the culture medium. Hyphal length is a sensitive endpoint after 21 days exposure, while spore production requires 28 days exposure before significant differences could be detected. Root-organ cultures provide an effective means to evaluate chemical stressors on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and can be used to screen for root-based phytotoxicity.

show abstract

Microbial Diversity and Ecosystem Function

Cited by 254 publications

References 27 publications

Functional Redundancy and Ecosystem Function — The Soil Microbiota as a Case Study

Functional Redundancy and Ecosystem Function — The Soil Microbiota as a Case Study

EPS producing microorganisms from municipal wastewater activated sludge

Structural responses of Daucus carota root-organ cultures and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices, to 12 pharmaceuticals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About