Microbial Decolorization of Reactive Dye Solutions

Abstract

The most widely used dyes for coloration of cotton textiles are from reactive class. However, the large amount of unfixed dye causes color in the wastewater, which is environmentally unacceptable. Decolorization of various commercially important reactive dyes in aqueous solutions was attempted by microbial treatment using the bacteria Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis, individually as well as in a consortium. Different parameters such as treatment temperature, pH, dye solution concentration, and the seed age of the bacteria were optimized to achieve maximum decolorization. Although both bacteria displayed good growth in a shake culture, the color removal was better in an anoxic static culture. The selected dyes were based on azo and anthraquinone chromophores and complete decolorization under optimized conditions could be achieved at a concentration of 30 mg/L. Good results were obtained also at dye concentrations of 60 and 90 mg/L.

Biodegradation of anthraquinone based dye using an isolated strain Staphylococcus hominis subsp. hominis DSM 20328

“…Various methods employed to treat colored wastewater are chemical coagulation, activated carbon adsorption, chemical oxidation, photodecomposition, electrochemical treatment, reverse osmosis, hydrogen peroxide catalysis, etc. [4,5]. However, these methods are found to be less effective for various reasons such as higher cost and complexity of operation, generation of sludge as a secondary waste, ineffectiveness to treat wide range of color concentrations, inability of reuse, etc.…”

“…[4,5]. However, these methods are found to be less effective for various reasons such as higher cost and complexity of operation, generation of sludge as a secondary waste, ineffectiveness to treat wide range of color concentrations, inability of reuse, etc.…”

Laccase Immobilization on Poly(p-Phenylenediamine)/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite for Reactive Blue 19 Dye Removal

“…Synthetic dyes have harmful effects on the environment owing to their toxicity to microbes, hydrophytes, and animals. Thus, environmental protection acts have been enacted in most countries, which demand that textile waste must be treated before being released into natural water bodies [18]. It has now been proven that Lac can oxidize many synthetic dyes with high efficiency [19,20].…”

Decolourization of azo, anthraquinone and triphenylmethane dyes using aerobic granules: Acclimatization and long-term stability

“…In the literature, dye removal rate mg/L•h was widely used for the comparison of dye removal performance by different biomass or bacteria (Franca et al, 2020). In this study, the removal rate of anthraquinone dye RB19 was around 2.6 -3.4 mg/L•h while 0.29-2.5 mg/L•h decolourization rates in the literature by using fungal isolates (Yemendzhiev et al, 2009;Attéké et al, 2013;Mounguengui et al, 2014) or consortium of Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris (Parmar and Shukla, 2015) were reported. Chaudhari et al (2017) reported 0.67-6.32 mg/L•h of anthraquinone dye RB4 at static conditions by using aerobic granules.…”