Microbial contamination of medications used to treat glaucoma.

Geyer, Orna; Bottone, Edward J.; Podos, S M; Schumer, Robert A.; Asbell, Penny A.

doi:10.1136/bjo.79.4.376

Cited by 91 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Touching the eye and lid with the tip of the bottle is a problem due to possible bottle contamination. 12,19 Contamination of eye drops has the potential to cause ocular surface irritation, conjunctival inflammation, and discontinuation of medication, and, in eyes that have had previous glaucoma surgery, contamination may lead to blebrelated infections. Although the risk of contamination is likely to be higher in non-preserved preparations, contamination of preserved anti-glaucoma medications can also occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the rate of contamination of topical anti-glaucoma medications containing benzalkonium chloride has been reported to be as high as 28%. 12 The most common microorganisms cultured in glaucoma eye drops are commensal skin and conjunctival flora such as the Gram-positive organisms Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. 12 Although microbial contamination may go unnoticed, there is the potential for serious complications, such as bacterial keratitis, especially if there is coexistent ocular surface disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 If eye drop instillation is done improperly it can lead to treatment failure, unnecessary use of additional medications, and potentially to the spread of infection. 7,[12][13][14] Poor techniques can include missing the eye completely, delivery of an excessive dose, or ocular trauma or bottle contamination due to contact between the tip of the bottle and the globe or lid. Moreover, if the patient has a poor technique they are often unaware of the problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye drop instillation technique in patients with glaucoma

Tatham

Sarodia

Gatrad

et al. 2013

Eye

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Aims To evaluate the technique of eye drop instillation in patients with glaucoma and assess factors associated with a good technique. Methods A cross-sectional observational study of 85 participants using selfadministered topical medication for glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Patients were asked to demonstrate how they normally instil eye drops using a 5-ml bottle of sterile artificial tear solution. The procedure was recorded and assessed by two masked graders. Whether the patient had been previously shown how to instil drops, the number of eye medications used, and self-perceived difficulty of using drops were also recorded. Conclusions Education relating to eye drop instillation technique is significantly associated with a patient's ability to instil drops correctly. The assessment of a patient's ability to instil eye drops correctly should be a routine part of the glaucoma examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye drop instillation technique in patients with glaucoma

Tatham

Sarodia

Gatrad

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…We should warn patients about the potential risk of contamination of the bottles when they touch the ocular surface 24 and risk of ocular injuries 25 . Subjective observational studies estimated that patients failed by 50% in putting eyedrops (the droplet fell out of the eye) 26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difficulties of daily tasks in advanced glaucoma patients - a videotaped evaluation

Miguel

Fonseca²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform an objective videotaped evaluation of the difficulties of eyedrop instillation and daily tasks in patients with advanced glaucoma with visual impairment. Methods: A prospective observational study was performed in advanced glaucoma patients with visual impairment, during 5 months. Patients completed a survey (with demographic questions, quality of life, compliance and eyedrop instillation) with interview and video recording in specific daily tasks (eyedrop instillation, climbing stairs, walking in a crowded room and in an irregular floor). Ophthalmologic evaluation was performed and its results registered in a form. Correlation was searched between limitation in quality of life, tasks' performance and visual fields. Results: 25 patients were included, corresponding to 12h of videotaping. All patients reported being capable of self-instilling eyedrops. 68% of them reported no difficulty instilling the eye drops at home, however 20% of the patients were unable to instill a drop in the eye in the objective evaluation. 72% of the patients stated never touching the eye with the bottle but 40% touched the ocular surface with the bottle. There was a moderate difficulty in the other tasks, with some patients exhibiting proprioceptive mechanisms of adaptation to impaired vision. There was a tendency of correlation between limitation in tasks and visual field defects, but no statistically significant. Conclusion: Patients with advanced glaucoma and visual impairment have marked difficulty in eye drop instillation and daily tasks, with a poor awareness of their inabilities. Some patients have proprioceptive adaptations that allow them to perform better than expected in tasks.Keywords: Glaucoma; Video recording; Quality of life; Patient compliance; Activity of daily living

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“…6 VRE was isolated from physicians' stethoscopes in 31% of cases after being in contact with patients colonized with VRE. 7 Transmission of hepatitis B virus was associated with monitoring of blood glucose by shared lancet endcaps and shared glucometers at an assisted living facility.…”

Section: Monitoring Of Cleaning Practices For Portable Multiuse Medimentioning

confidence: 99%