Microbial Composition Predicts Genital Tract Inflammation and Persistent Bacterial Vaginosis in South African Adolescent Females

Lennard, Katie; Dabee, Smritee; Barnabas, Shaun; Havyarimana, Enock; Blakney, Anna K.; Jaumdally, Shameem Z.; Botha, Gerrit; Mkhize, Nonhlanhla N.; Bekker, Linda‐Gail; Lewis, David A.; Gray, Glenda; Mulder, Nicola; Passmore, Jo‐Ann S.; Jaspan, Heather B.

doi:10.1128/iai.00410-17

Cited by 147 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Thus, we used 16S rRNA microbiome data to evaluate the bacteria associated with each of the cytokine groupings (online supplementary figure 1). 19 False positive women identified by the biomarkers model had increased relative abundance of several organisms associated with dysbiosis and BV, including P. bivia and Gardnerella (figure 2). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and vaginal dysbiosis: a multicentre validation study

et al. 2018

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of LWS was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform (online supplementary methods). 19 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and vaginal dysbiosis: a multicentre validation study

et al. 2018

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“…To simplify measurement of the female genital tract microbiome, several different algorithms have been applied to stratify women based on vaginal bacterial composition, by clustering them into various numbers of distinct Community State Types (CSTs, or vagitypes) , similar to enterotype clusters reported for the human gut microbiome . For example, the classification by Ravel and colleagues proposed five CSTs where CST I, II, III and V are composed primarily of Lactobacillus species including L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. iners or L. jensenii respectively while CST IV contains lower proportions of Lactobacillus species and a higher diversity of several other anaerobic organisms .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although compositional analyses using marker gene sequencing have led to important insights into the complexity of the vaginal microbiota as it relates to BV, vaginal inflammation and HIV acquisition , it has several important limitations that need to be considered, such as the inability to provide fine scale taxonomic resolution (species‐ and strain‐level), that these are subject to primer biases, and that they cannot provide exact information about the metabolic functional capacity of bacterial communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genital tract and rectal microbiomes: their role in HIV susceptibility and prevention in women

et al. 2019

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Introduction Young women in sub‐Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for 25% of all new infections in 2017. Several behavioural and biological factors are known to impact a young woman's vulnerability for acquiring HIV. One key, but lesser understood, biological factor impacting vulnerability is the vaginal microbiome. This review describes the vaginal microbiome and examines its alterations, its influence on HIV acquisition as well as the efficacy of HIV prevention technologies, the role of the rectal microbiome in HIV acquisition, advances in technologies to study the microbiome and some future research directions. Discussion Although the composition of each woman's vaginal microbiome is unique, a microbiome dominated by Lactobacillus species is generally associated with a “healthy” vagina. Disturbances in the vaginal microbiota, characterized by a shift from a low‐diversity, Lactobacillus ‐dominant state to a high‐diversity non‐ Lactobacillus ‐dominant state, have been shown to be associated with a range of adverse reproductive health outcomes, including increasing the risk of genital inflammation and HIV acquisition. Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella bivia have been shown to contribute to both HIV risk and genital inflammation. In addition to impacting HIV risk, the composition of the vaginal microbiome affects the vaginal concentrations of some antiretroviral drugs, particularly those administered intravaginally, and thereby their efficacy as pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. Although the role of rectal microbiota in HIV acquisition in women is less well understood, the composition of this compartment's microbiome, particularly the presence of species of bacteria from the Prevotellaceae family likely contribute to HIV acquisition. Advances in technologies have facilitated the study of the genital microbiome's structure and function. While next‐generation sequencing advanced knowledge of the diversity and complexity of the vaginal microbiome, the emerging field of metaproteomics, which provides important information on vaginal bacterial community structure, diversity and function, is further shedding light on functionality of the vaginal microbiome and its relationship with bacterial vaginosis (BV), as well as antiretroviral PrEP efficacy. Conclusions A better understanding of the composition, structure and function of the microbiome is needed to identify opportunities to alter the vaginal microbiome and prevent BV and reduce the risk of HIV acquisition.

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“…P. amnii sowel as P. bivia is met genitale inflammasie (Anahtar et al 2015;Gosmann et al 2017;Lennard et al 2017) en BV geassosieer. In hierdie studie het P. bivia-vlakke egter nie volgens BV-status of inflammasie verskil nie.…”

Section: Soi-voorkomssyfers (55%)unclassified

Hoë voorkomskoers van bakteriële vaginose en Chlamydia in ’n lae-inkomste, hoë-bevolkingsdigtheid gemeenskap in Kaapstad

Lennard

Dabee

Barnabas

et al. 2017

Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskr Natuurwetenskap Tegnol

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Jong Suid-Afrikaanse vroue uit hulpbron-arm gemeenskappe staar verskeie uitdagings in die gesig in terme van hulle seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheid. Hier beskryf ons die voorkoms van vaginale mikrobiota en seksueel oordraagbare infeksies (SOI's) onder 102; 16-22-jarige MIVnegatiewe Suid-Afrikaanse vroue uit 'n lae-inkomste, hoë-bevolkingsdigtheid gemeenskap in Kaapstad. Vaginale mikrobiota is met behulp van 16S rRNA amplikon volgorde-bepaling geprofileer; bakteriese vaginose (BV) status is met behulp van 'n Nugent-telling vasgestel; en SOI's is deur middel van 'n multipleks polimerase kettingreaksie bepaal. SOI's was algemeen, met 55% van die vroue wat ten minste een SOI gehad het; 41% wat met hoë-risiko menslike papillomavirus (MPV) besmet was, en 'n verdere 28% wat met laerisiko-MPV besmet was; 44% van die vroue was met Chlamydia besmet waarvan 16% een of meer addisionele SOI gehad het. BV persentasies was ook baie hoog met 55% van die vroue wat as BV-positief (Nugent-telling ≥7) geklassifiseer is, 7% as BVintermediêr (Nugent-telling 3-6), en 38% as BV-negatief (Nugent-telling 0-2). Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae), die grootste oorsaak van neonatale sepsis, was teenwoordig in 25% van die BV-positiewe vroue en 28% van die BV-negatiewe vroue, en was dus meer onder BV-negatiewe vroue. Chlamydia-infeksie sowel as BV kan reproduktiewe gesondheid nadelig beïnvloed en verhoog hierdie vroue se risiko vir die verkryging van MIV. Die voorkoms van veral Prevotella amnii kan die MIV-risiko verhoog as gevolg van sy inflammatoriese kapasiteit. Laboratoriumgebaseerde toetsing vir SOI's (veral Chlamydia en Gonorrhoeae) blyk in hierdie gemeenskap geregverdig te wees, tesame met verdere monitering en/of behandeling van BV. High rates of bacterial vaginosis and Chlamydia in a low-income, high-population-density community in Cape Town. Young South African women, from resource-poor communities, face several sexual and reproductive health challenges. Here we describe the vaginal microbiota and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence of 102; 16-22-year-old, HIV-negative South African women from a low-income, high-population-density community in Cape Town (CPT). Vaginal microbiota were profiled using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing; bacterial vaginosis (BV) status was established using Nugent scoring; and STIs were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. STIs were common, with 55% of women having at least one STI; 41% were infected with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) and a further 28% with low-risk HPV; 44% were infected with Chlamydia, 16% of whom had at least one additional STI. Similarly, BV rates were very high, with 55% of women classified as BV-positive (Nugent score ≥7); 7% as BV-intermediate (Nugent score 3-6) and 38% as BV-negative (Nugent 0-2). Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae), the leading cause of neonatal sepsis, was present in 25% of BV-positive women and 28% of BV-negative women, and was significantly more abundant among BV-negative women. Both Chlamydia infection and ...

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Microbial Composition Predicts Genital Tract Inflammation and Persistent Bacterial Vaginosis in South African Adolescent Females

Cited by 147 publications

References 59 publications

Inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and vaginal dysbiosis: a multicentre validation study

Inflammatory cytokine biomarkers of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and vaginal dysbiosis: a multicentre validation study

The genital tract and rectal microbiomes: their role in HIV susceptibility and prevention in women

Hoë voorkomskoers van bakteriële vaginose en Chlamydia in ’n lae-inkomste, hoë-bevolkingsdigtheid gemeenskap in Kaapstad

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