Microbial community succession and lignocellulose degradation during agricultural waste composting

Abstract

The changes of microbial community during agricultural waste composting were successfully studied by quinone profiles. Mesophilic bacteria indicated by MK-7 and mesophilic fungi containing Q-9 as major quinone were predominant and seemed to be important during the initial stage of composting. Actinobacteria indicated by a series of partially saturated and long-chain menaquinones were preponderant during the thermophilic period. While Actinobacteria, fungi and some bacteria, especially those microbes containing MK-7(H4) found in Gram-positive bacteria with a low G+C content or Actinobacteria were found cooperate during the latter maturating period. Since lignocellulose is abundant in the agricultural wastes and its degradation is essential for the operation of composting, it's important to establish the correlation between the quinone profiles changes and lignocellulose degradation. The microbes containing Q-9 or Q-10(H2) as major quinone were found to be the most important hemicellulose and cellulose degrading microorganisms during composting. While the microorganisms containing Q-9(H2) as major quinone and many thermophilic Actinobacteria were believed to be responsible for lignin degradation during agricultural waste composting.

Culture-Independent Phylogenetic Analysis of the Microbial Community in Industrial Sugarcane Bagasse Feedstock Piles

“…These microbes are mainly filamentous fungi of diverse genera, including Scytalidium, Thermomyces, Humicola, Chaetomium, Talaromyces, Penicillium, and Trichoderma, which are capable of extracellular cellulase and hemicellulase production. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Cooperative degradation of lignocellulose by bacterial and fungal species has been reported under aerobic high-temperature biomass composting conditions, 46) and their synergy in the degradation of cellulosic substrates, resulting in enhanced cellulose degradation efficiency has also been demonstrated. 47) The partial flux of the degraded products, i.e., sugars, is then converted to primary metabolites or intermediates by other microbes in the community.…”

The Discovery of Physical Properties of Food Waste in Composting Process

“…Thus, during the first 3 to 5 hours of microbial activity, small quantities of heat energy are released and the rate of temperature rise is accordingly slow increases during this temperature processes. The pile temperature had reached 38 °C as it highest but several authors study that the minimum pile temperature requirement for a proper disinfection of waste materials from animal and plant pathogens is 55 °C (36). Thus, we considered the disinfection of waste materials are weak and the compost formation is may probably of exposed towards pathogens.…”

Degradation of Phenolic Compounds in Creosote Treated Wood Waste by A Mixed Microbial Culture Augmented with Cellulolytic- Thermophilic Actinomaycets <i>Thermobifida fusca</i>

“…Cellulose was estimated as the difference between ADF and ADL. Lignin was estimated as the difference between ADL and ash content as described by Yu et al [31].…”