Microbial community structure and function of activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant at the Polar Arctic Circle as revealed by metatranscriptomic and next-generation sequencing

Microbial Ecology of Granular Biofilm Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

“…In the external layer of the biofilm, the dissolved oxygen allows for the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite under aerobic conditions carried out by AOB and AOA, while in the internal layers, the anoxic conditions promoted a quicker method for nitrogen gas production. The optimal temperature for the growth and activity of anammox bacteria is in the range of 35–40 °C, but these phylotypes can habituate in natural ecosystems at ultra-low temperatures (from −5 to 4 °C), as is the majority of biospheres [ 144 ] and also at thermophilic conditions (50–80 °C) [ 142 , 145 ].…”

Ecophysiology of novel microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems revealed by metatranscriptomics: Illuminating bacterial communities of activated sludge

“…Collectively these issues require complex bench workflows, requiring a high degree of molecular biological knowledge and skills, thus the interpretation of observed metatranscriptomics results should be performed with care and critical thinking, due to the complexity of organism's metabolism. However, even with the challenges, metatranscriptomics is used more and more for understanding microbial activity in different environments under influence of particular conditions and also is widely used to analyze WWTP microbial communities (Maza-Márquez et al, 2022;McDaniel et al, 2021b;Moran et al, 2013;Rodríguez et al, 2015;Spurbeck et al, 2023;Wang et al, 2018). To get even deeper insight into the microbial communities activity, multiple -omics could be coupled with metabolomics or proteomics to obtain a comprehensive analysis of all metabolites of a sample that are identified and quantified (Aguiar-Pulido et al, 2016).…”

“…Based on their functions, bacteria in activated sludge are divided into multiple functional groups, with the main functional groups being: PAOs, glycogen accumulating organisms, nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and filamentous bacteria Maza-Márquez et al, 2022).…”