Microbial community response to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the unsaturated zone at the experimental field site VÃ¦rlÃ¸se, Denmark

Kaufmann, Karin; Christophersen, Mette; Buttler, Alexandre; Harms, Hauke; Höhener, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.femsec.2004.02.011

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Plots with natural cattle activity were not taken into account because they were not included in the experimental design. The partial RDA permitted the extraction of the variation in the Ecoplatesä dataset explained by each of the three sets of explanatory variables and shared by these three data sets (see Borcard et al (1992) and Økland and Eilertsen (1994) for details and Kaufmann et al (2004) for an example with Biologä data). The whole process was based on computations made with CANOCO 4.5 (ter Braak and Smilauer, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Microbial Community Changes in Wooded Mountain Pastures due to Simulated Effects of Cattle Grazing

et al. 2005

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The effect of cattle activity on pastures can be subdivided into three categories of disturbances: herbage removal, dunging and trampling. The objective of this study was to assess separately or in combination the effect of these factors on the potential activities of soil microbial communities and to compare these effects with those of soil properties and plant composition or biomass. Controlled treatments simulating the three factors were applied in a fenced area including a light gradient (sunny and shady situation): (i) repeated mowing; (ii) trampling; (iii) fertilizing with a liquid mixture of dung and urine. In the third year of the experiment, community level physiological profiles (CLPP) (Biolog Ecoplatesä) were measured for each plots. Furthermore soil chemical properties (pH, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus), plant species composition and plant biomass were also assessed. Despite differences in plant communities and soil properties, the metabolic potential of the microbial community in the sunny and in the shady situations were similar. Effects of treatments on microbial communities were more pronounced in the sunny than in the shady situation. In both cases, repeated mowing was the first factor retained for explaining functional variations. In contrast, fertilizing was not a significant factor. The vegetation explained a high proportion of variation of the microbial community descriptors in the sunny situation, while no significant variation appeared under shady condition. The three components of cattle activities influenced differently the soil microbial communities and this depended on the light conditions within the wooded pasture. Cattle activities may also change spatially at a fine scale and short-term and induce changes in the microbial community structure. Thus, the shifting mosaic that has been described for the vegetation of pastures may also apply for below-ground microbial communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Microbial Community Changes in Wooded Mountain Pastures due to Simulated Effects of Cattle Grazing

et al. 2005

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“…As 96 h was nearest to the time (102±2 h) to reach one half of maximum AWCD, values at 96 h were used to assess the ability of soil microbial community to utilize diverse carbon sources included in the Biolog TM testing protocol via the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the redundancy analysis (RDA). The richness of carbon source utilization according to the AWCD at 96 h was the number of wells whose C-r>0.25 (Kaufmann et al 2004) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index, H′, was calculated as follows (Shannon 1948):…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon metabolism of soil microbial communities of restored forests in Southern China

et al. 2011

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Purpose The structure and dynamics of carbon metabolic process of the soil microbial community in restored forests were dependent on the methods employed in reforestation and subsequent management. To find an appropriate method to restore degraded forests and to assess the ecological benefits of restorations, we studied community level physiological profiles of soil microbial communities in forests in Southern China that were restored by three different methods. Materials and methods Community level physiological profiles of soil microbial communities in restored introduced slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantation, restored native Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) plantation, and natural secondary forest in Southern China were studied based on outcomes of the Biolog TM Ecoplates incubation. For each type of restored forest, 15 experimental plots were randomly selected in Southern China. In each plot, three composite samples of 0 to 10 cm depth were obtained from three subplots for the analyses. Results and discussion It was found that the soil microbial communities of three types of restored forests were capable of metabolizing all 31 preselected carbon substrates on Biolog TM Ecoplates. However, the soil microbial community of the natural secondary forest was more diverse in structure of carbon metabolism, and more efficient in utilizing the carbon substrates than those of the Masson pine and slash pine plantations that had to acclimate and adopt different biochemical pathways to metabolize some of the carbon substrates. Soil available N content, moisture content, organic C content, microbial biomass C content, pH, clay content, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of tree layer were factors contributing to the carbon source utilization structure of the soil microbial communities for the three types of restored forests. Conclusions The soil microbial communities of all three types of restored forests would provide the same ecological services in metabolizing carbon sources in the forest soils. The microbial community of the natural secondary forest was consistently more efficient in carbon utilization than those of the Masson pine and slash pine plantation and often the Masson pine plantations were more efficient than that of the slash pine plantations. The natural secondary forest had a more diverse and stable soil microbial ecosystem and would be more adaptable to and respond more rapidly to environmental changes.

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“…Several studies of contaminated sites have shown that the impact of contamination on bacterial communities is dependent on the previous pollution history (22,32,51). Few investigations have been undertaken, however, to assess the impact of petroleum contamination on pristine microbial ecosystems (13,20,29). As a consequence, the impacts of petroleum contamination on pristine natural habitats are still poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil on the Bacterial Community Structure of a Pristine Microbial Mat

Bordenave

Goñi-Urriza

Cartigny

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

141

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The effects of petroleum contamination on the bacterial community of a pristine microbial mat from Salins-de-Giraud (Camargue, France) have been investigated. Mats were maintained as microcosms and contaminated with no. 2 fuel oil from the wreck of the Erika. The evolution of the complex bacterial community was monitored by combining analyses based on 16S rRNA genes and their transcripts. 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses clearly showed the effects of the heavy fuel oil after 60 days of incubation. At the end of the experiment, the initial community structure was recovered, illustrating the resilience of this microbial ecosystem. In addition, the responses of the metabolically active bacterial community were evaluated by T-RFLP and clone library analyses based on 16S rRNA. Immediately after the heavy fuel oil was added to the microcosms, the structure of the active bacterial community was modified, indicating a rapid microbial mat response. Members of the Gammaproteobacteria were initially dominant in the contaminated microcosms. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter were the main genera representative of this class. After 90 days of incubation, the Gammaproteobacteria were superseded by "Bacilli" and Alphaproteobacteria. This study shows the major changes that occur in the microbial mat community at different time periods following contamination. At the conclusion of the experiment, the RNA approach also demonstrated the resilience of the microbial mat community in resisting environmental stress resulting from oil pollution.

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Microbial community response to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the unsaturated zone at the experimental field site VÃ¦rlÃ¸se, Denmark

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

Soil Microbial Community Changes in Wooded Mountain Pastures due to Simulated Effects of Cattle Grazing

Soil Microbial Community Changes in Wooded Mountain Pastures due to Simulated Effects of Cattle Grazing

Carbon metabolism of soil microbial communities of restored forests in Southern China

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil on the Bacterial Community Structure of a Pristine Microbial Mat

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