Microbial community dynamics in a commercial RAS for production of Atlantic salmon fry (Salmo salar)

Dahle, Stine Veronica Wiborg; Attramadal, Kari J.K.; Vadstein, Ôlav; Hestdahl, Hans Ivar; Bakke, Ingrid

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737382

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This is because the microbial community in the biofilter is easily affected by a variety of parameters. For example increase in biomass, changes in feeding regimes, organic content in the water, changes in pH and oxygen levels, and changes in temperature and salinity have all been associated with fluctuation in NO 2 -N (Chen et al, 2006;Fossmark et al, 2021;Dahle et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolts to Fluctuating Sublethal Nitrite Concentrations in a Commercial Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) May Have Negative Consequences

Mortensen¹,

Jacobsen²,

Kolarevic

et al. 2022

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Salmon farmers are interested in extending the time post-smolts are reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding optimal water quality for post-smolts in RAS, and regarding potential consequences of long term exposure to different toxic compounds, such as nitrite, in the RAS water. To address this issue, we conducted a case study at a Faroese Atlantic salmon farm, that rears large post-smolts in fresh water RAS for 22 months before sea transfer, with no additional chloride salt, a known treatment for nitrite toxicity. The aim was to document the potential effects of long-term exposure of fluctuating sub-lethal nitrite concentrations in fresh water RAS on blood physiology of large post-smolts. The study was conducted over six weeks, at the end of the RAS production cycle. Our case study shows that after ~22 months in RAS with no additional chloride, the fish had accumulated a plasma nitrite concentration 8 to 16 times higher than the ambient water. Our results indicate that the accumulation may have resulted in extracellular hyperkaliemia, since there was a positive correlation between plasma nitrite and potassium levels (p=0.00095), with potassium levels almost twice as high than previously reported for Atlantic salmon. This could indicate that Atlantic salmon health is challenged due to prolonged sub-lethal nitrite exposure in fresh water RAS. Further research related to long-term nitrite exposure in RAS is needed to asses the potential negative impact, in order to optimize welfare and growth performance during production of Atlantic salmon post-smolts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolts to Fluctuating Sublethal Nitrite Concentrations in a Commercial Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) May Have Negative Consequences

Mortensen¹,

Jacobsen²,

Kolarevic

et al. 2022

Front. Anim. Sci.

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“…This trait could be observed at the graph for differential abundances (Figure 4C). Other studies report how a mature biofilter may contribute to establish a stable and more resilient water microbiome (Dahle et al, 2022), which would explain the relationship between S1 and S3. Previous microbiome studies only focused on higher taxonomic orders and omit classifying families or genera, suggesting there is some misleading and/or loss of information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The description of microbial communities and their influence on water quality under various operation conditions in Catfish commercial aquaculture systems remains poorly understood. Little has been documented in shellfish (Subhash et al, 2007;Subhash and Lipton, 2010;Liu et al, 2019;), and other larval or fish productions (Bhakta et al, 2010;Califano et al, 2017;Dahle et al, 2022). Water microbiota may also differ between different subunits of the RAS, i.e., fish tank, drum filter, sediment tank or biofilter, where distinct water nutrients and bacterial metabolic products are observed (Schmauz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial community in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) recirculating aquaculture systems under different stocking densities

et al. 2023

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Fish farming in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) is a sustainable and efficient practice to produce fish. Knowledge of microbial communities, particularly harmful pathogens on fish, is required to better understand microbiological processes occurring at different RAS compartments and to optimize the overall RAS management. In this study, we assessed the influence of different Clarias gariepinus stocking densities in RAS on the water microbiome composition. Molecular targeting the V3-V4 16S rRNA hypervariable region was used to infer Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASV), identify microbes, and assess their abundance and diversity. We identified bacterial pathogens in the rearing environment associated with common fish farming practices. Our findings show that microbiomes differ across all systems (high, medium and low stocking densities) and within sampling points (water inflow, outflow and sedimentation tank). The medium-density system had the most fish biomass, resulting in high ASVs cumulative abundance. In water samples from high- and low-density systems, we discovered a wide range of phyla, with Mycobacterium sp. being the most common potentially pathogenic group. We discuss the effects of fish biomass and water physicochemical properties on the microbiome.

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“…The accumulation of fish feed and fish waste in the rearing tanks increases the organic and inorganic compounds, creating a favorable habitat for the growth of microbes and pathogens (Liu et al 2018). The use of Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can be introduced as a disinfectant method, preventing microbial growth and immobilizing the growth of harmful bacteria (Dahle et al 2022), thereby preventing hindered fish cultivation process through pathogenic diseases.…”

Section: Uv Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture from inland fish cultivation to wastewater treatment: a review

Kashem,

Das,

Hawari

et al. 2023

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

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The aquaculture industry is rapidly developing, generating a high amount of wastewater. Inland aquaculture effluents contain nutrients and other substances that can cause eutrophication and the emergence of resistive organisms if released into the environment. Hence, aquaculture wastewater should be treated appropriately for reuse in different applications or safely released into the environment, promoting a sustainable industry and a circular economy. The current review provides insight into aquaculture wastewater generation, constituents, and treatment through various technologies. This study’s treatment technologies could be classified as physical, chemical, and biological. SWOT analysis was conducted on each technology to provide an in-depth understanding of the advantages and drawbacks. Suggestions were also stated to shed light on the importance of a sustainable aquaculture industry and the means to transition toward a circular economy. Graphical abstract

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Microbial community dynamics in a commercial RAS for production of Atlantic salmon fry (Salmo salar)

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Exposing Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolts to Fluctuating Sublethal Nitrite Concentrations in a Commercial Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) May Have Negative Consequences

Exposing Atlantic Salmon Post-Smolts to Fluctuating Sublethal Nitrite Concentrations in a Commercial Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) May Have Negative Consequences

Bacterial community in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) recirculating aquaculture systems under different stocking densities

Aquaculture from inland fish cultivation to wastewater treatment: a review

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