Microbial community development on the surface of Hans and Werenskiold Glaciers (Svalbard, Arctic): a comparison

Grzesiak, Jakub; Górniak, Dorota; Świątecki, Aleksander; Aleksandrzak‐Piekarczyk, Tamara; Szatraj, Katarzyna; Zdanowski, Marek K.

doi:10.1007/s00792-015-0764-z

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Freezing temperatures accompanied by freeze-cycles, extreme fluctuation in UV irradiance, and low availability of nitrogen are major problems in polar regions hampering the growth of cyanobacteria (Grzesiak et al 2015). In spite of drastic climatic conditions, cyanobacteria not only grow in lower temperature, but also play a major role in nitrogen and carbon cycle of this extreme habitat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphological and nitrogen metabolic enzyme analysis of psychrophilic and mesophilic Nostoc sp.: a comparative outlook

et al. 2017

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Cyanobacterial diazotrophs play a significant role in environmental nitrogen economy despite their habitat either tropical or polar. However, the phenomenon by which it copes with temperature induced stress is poorly understood. Temperature response study of psychrophilic and mesophilic Nostoc strains explores their adaptive mechanisms. The selected psychrophilic and mesophilic strains were confirmed as Nostoc punctiforme and Nostoc calcicola respectively, by ultrastructure and 16S rDNA phylogeny. The psychrophilic strain has extensive glycolipid and polysaccharide sheath along with characteristic deposition of cyanophycin, polyhydroxybutyrate granules, and carboxysomes. This is possibly an adaptive strategy exhibited to withstand the freezing temperature and high intense of ultraviolet rays. The biomass measured in terms of dry weight, protein, and chlorophyll indicated a temperature dependant shift in both the psychrophilic and mesophilic strains and attained maximum growth in their respective temperature niches. At low temperature, psychrophilic organism exhibited nitrogenase activity, while mesophilic strains did not. The maximum glutamine synthetase activity was observed at 4°C for psychrophilic and 37°C for mesophilic strains. Activity at 4°C in psychrophilic strains revealed their energetic mechanism even at low temperature. The nitrate and nitrite reductase of both psychrophilic and mesophilic strains showed maximum activity at 37°C denoting their similar nitrogen assimilating mechanisms for combined nitrogen utilization. The activity studies of nitrogen fixation/assimilation enzymes have differential effects at varying temperatures, which provide valuable insights of physiological contribution and role of Nostoc strains in the biological nitrogen cycle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphological and nitrogen metabolic enzyme analysis of psychrophilic and mesophilic Nostoc sp.: a comparative outlook

et al. 2017

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“…Based on meltwater chemistry, carbonation via microbial respiration is limited due to a slight excess of the slope intercept values typical of hydrolysis (Stachnik et al, ). Oxidation of organic carbon is limited due to low DOC concentrations from subglacial outflows (Table ) and in supraglacial streams (Grzesiak et al, ) and low organic carbon content in the bedrock (Graly et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium in glacial meltwater demonstrates an association with nutrient export (Werenskiöldbreen, Svalbard)

Stachnik

Yde

Nawrot

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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The aluminium (Al) cycle in glacierised basins has not received a great deal of attention in studies of biogeochemical cycles. As Al may be toxic for biota, it is important to investigate the processes leading to its release into the environment. It has not yet been ascertained whether filterable Al (passing through a pore size of 0.45 μm) is incorporated into biogeochemical cycles in glacierised basins. Our study aims to determine the relationship between the processes bringing filterable Al and glacier‐derived filterable nutrients (particularly Fe and Si) into glacierised basins. We investigated the Werenskiöldbreen basin (44.1 km2, 60% glacierised) situated in SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard. In 2011, we collected meltwater from a subglacial portal at the glacier front and at a downstream hydrometric station throughout the ablation season. The Al concentration, unchanged between the subglacial system and proglacial zone, reveals that aluminosilicate weathering is a dominant source of filterable Al under subglacial conditions. By examining the Al:Fe ratio compared with pH and the sulphate mass fraction index, we found that the proton source for subglacial aluminosilicate weathering is mainly associated with sulphide oxidation and, to a lesser degree, with hydrolysis and carbonation. In subglacial outflows and in the glacial river, Al and Fe are primarily in the forms of Al(OH)4‐ and Fe(OH)3. The annual filterable Al yield (2.7 mmol m‐2) was of a magnitude similar to that of nutrients such as filterable Fe (3.0 mmol m‐2) and lower than that of dissolved Si (18.5 mmol m‐2). Our results show that filterable Al concentrations in meltwater are significantly correlated to filterable and dissolved glacier‐derived nutrients (Fe and Si, respectively) concentrations in glaciers worldwide. We conclude that a potential bioavailable Al pool derived from glacierised basins may be incorporated in biogeochemical cycles, as it is strongly related to the concentrations and yields of glacier‐derived nutrients.

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“…This method was used to assess the microbial diversity (bacterial, fungal, archaeal) in environmental samples (Chang et al 2008;Deng et al 2015;Grzesiak et al 2015). Various strategies including PCR amplification programs, sets of primers and sequence analysis were developed to improve the technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of bacterial and archaeal communities: novel protocols using modern sequencing by Illumina MiSeq and traditional DGGE-cloning

et al. 2016

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Different protocols based on Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-cloning were developed and applied for investigating hot spring related samples. The study was focused on three target genes: archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA and mcrA of methanogenic microflora. Shorter read lengths of the currently most popular technology of sequencing by Illumina do not allow analysis of the complete 16S rRNA region, or of longer gene fragments, as was the case of Sanger sequencing. Here, we demonstrate that there is no need for special indexed or tailed primer sets dedicated to short variable regions of 16S rRNA since the presented approach allows the analysis of complete bacterial 16S rRNA amplicons (V1-V9) and longer archaeal 16S rRNA and mcrA sequences. Sample augmented with transposon is represented by a set of approximately 300 bp long fragments that can be easily sequenced by Illumina MiSeq. Furthermore, a low proportion of chimeric sequences was observed. DGGE-cloning based strategies were performed combining semi-nested PCR, DGGE and clone library construction. Comparing both investigation methods, a certain degree of complementarity was observed confirming that the DGGE-cloning approach is not obsolete. Novel protocols were created for several types of laboratories, utilizing the traditional DGGE technique or using the most modern Illumina sequencing.

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Microbial community development on the surface of Hans and Werenskiold Glaciers (Svalbard, Arctic): a comparison

Cited by 41 publications

References 57 publications

Cytomorphological and nitrogen metabolic enzyme analysis of psychrophilic and mesophilic Nostoc sp.: a comparative outlook

Cytomorphological and nitrogen metabolic enzyme analysis of psychrophilic and mesophilic Nostoc sp.: a comparative outlook

Aluminium in glacial meltwater demonstrates an association with nutrient export (Werenskiöldbreen, Svalbard)

Investigation of bacterial and archaeal communities: novel protocols using modern sequencing by Illumina MiSeq and traditional DGGE-cloning

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