Microbial communities in the native habitats of Agaricus sinodeliciosus from Xinjiang Province revealed by amplicon sequencing

Abstract

Agaricus sinodeliciosus is an edible species described from China and has been successfully cultivated. However, no studies have yet reported the influence factors implicated in the process of fructification. To better know abiotic and biotic factors, physiochemical characteristics and microbial communities were investigated in five different soil samples collected in the native habitats of specimens from northern Xinjiang, southern Xinjiang, and Zhejiang Province, respectively. There are major differences in texture and morphology among different specimens of A. sinodeliciosus from Xinjiang Province. A. sinodeliciosus from southern Xinjiang was the largest. Concentrations of DOC and TN and C/N ratio are not the main reason for the differences. Microbial communities were analyzed to find out mushroom growth promoting microbes (MGPM), which may lead to the differences. Functional microbes were picked out and can be divided into two categories. Microbes in the first category may belong to MGPM. There may be symbiotic relationships between microbes in the second category and A. sinodeliciosus. Certain analyses of microbial communities support the hypothesis that interactions between microbes and mushrooms would be implicated in morphological variation of the collected mushrooms. Redundancy analysis results indicate that high DOC/NH4 +-N ratio and NH4 +-N concentration can improve the yield of A. sinodeliciosus.

Holistic assessment of the microbiome dynamics in the substrates used for commercial champignon (Agaricus bisporus) cultivation

“…As reflected by the core microbiome characterization, cased compost (S4 = F1 and S5 = F2) shared high number of OTUs, which indicates microbiota mobility between substrates. A. bisporus also possesses its own endophytic microbiota that can contribute to changes observed in the microbiome as it proliferates (Partida‐Martínez, 2017; Zhou et al ., 2017; Carrasco et al ., 2019).…”

Bacterial Community Selection of Russula griseocarnosa Mycosphere Soil

“…Through the study of fungi and bacteria in the mycosphere soil of T. matsutake, the results showed that the microbial diversity, community structure, and bacterial function in different geographical locations were similar (Oh et al, 2016). The diversity and community structure of mycosphere soil bacteria of Agaricus sinodeliciosus were different in different regions, but they all contained several main taxa (Zhou et al, 2017). R. griseocarnosa can co-exist with host tree species such as Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and Tiliaceae to form ectomycorrhiza (Yu et al, 2020), but the symbiosis mechanism is still unclear (Yu et al, 2020), so we mainly studied the relationship between R. griseocarnosa and soil bacteria.…”

“…Mycobacterium has nitrogen fixation functions (Rilling et al, 2018) and can provide nitrogen for the growth of R. griseocarnosa. Sorangium has rich xylan-degrading enzymes that can degrade biological macromolecules, cellulose, hemicellulose, and xylan (Tamaru et al, 2010), which is beneficial for increased mushroom productivity (Zhou et al, 2017). Singulisphaera, as an acidophilus, is also found in the rhizosphere soil of Boletus edulis (Mediavilla et al, 2019).…”

Growing edible mushrooms: a conversation between bacteria and fungi

“…According to results reported by Pent and colleagues (), the composition of the bacterial populations inhabiting fungal fruiting bodies is strongly conditioned by fungal identity, suggesting that some bacteria may have specific symbiotic functions in different groups of mushrooms. The characterization through high‐throughput community sequencing of the microbiome of edible mushrooms picked from the wild reinforces the hypothesis that the interactions between microbial communities and mushrooms are related to morphological changes during fruiting body development (Zhou et al ., ). The authors describe microbes associated with the native habitats of Agaricus sinodeliciosus , which include microbes associated with nitrogen metabolism ( Achromobacter , Parapodobacter or Filomicrobium ), sulfur metabolism ( Thiobacillus or Desulfobaca ), cellulose decomposition ( Owenweeksia , Iamia or Constrictibacter ) and hormone production ( Promicromospora ).…”

“…Fungi have been described to modify and select the microbiome associated with the environmental niche where they grow and fructify (Li et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2017). Ultimately, this is reflected in the configuration of the mushroom holobiont, understood as the fungal host plus associated microorganisms, the properties of which can have a significant impact on mushroom productivity (Partida et al, 2017).…”