Microbial Communities and Bioactive Compounds in Marine Sponges of the Family Irciniidae—A Review

Hardoim, Cristiane Cassiolato Pires; Costa, Rodrigo

doi:10.3390/md12105089

Cited by 50 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…The dichotomy between HMA and LMA sponges is not always straightforward (Gloeckner et al, 2014), but several studies have documented functional differences relevant to biogeochemical cycling between the two categories of sponges (Weisz et al, 2007; Freeman, Easson & Baker, 2014). In the case of the species used in this study, there is a fairly well characterized dichotomy between the diverse and abundant community in I. campana (HMA) and the notably low density of microbes in S. vesparium (LMA; Hardoim & Costa, 2014; Poppell et al, 2014). While the exhalent seawater DOM profiles exhibited high overall similarity, more unique mass features were present in the exhalent seawater from S. vesparium than from I. campana .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge exhalent seawater contains a unique chemical profile of dissolved organic matter

Fiore

Freeman

Kujawinski

2017

PeerJ

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Sponges are efficient filter feeders, removing significant portions of particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM, DOM) from the water column. While the assimilation and respiration of POM and DOM by sponges and their abundant microbial symbiont communities have received much attention, there is virtually no information on the impact of sponge holobiont metabolism on the composition of DOM at a molecular-level. We applied untargeted and targeted metabolomics techniques to characterize DOM in seawater samples prior to entering the sponge (inhalant reef water), in samples exiting the sponge (exhalent seawater), and in samples collected just outside the reef area (off reef seawater). Samples were collected from two sponge species, Ircinia campana and Spheciospongia vesparium, on a near-shore hard bottom reef in the Florida Keys. Metabolic profiles generated from untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that many more compounds were enhanced in the exhalent samples than in the inhalant samples. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed differences in diversity and concentration of metabolites between exhalent and off reef seawater. For example, most of the nucleosides were enriched in the exhalent seawater, while the aromatic amino acids, caffeine and the nucleoside xanthosine were elevated in the off reef water samples. Although the metabolic profile of the exhalent seawater was unique, the impact of sponge metabolism on the overall reef DOM profile was spatially limited in our study. There were also no significant differences in the metabolic profiles of exhalent water between the two sponge species, potentially indicating that there is a characteristic DOM profile in the exhalent seawater of Caribbean sponges. Additional work is needed to determine whether the impact of sponge DOM is greater in habitats with higher sponge cover and diversity. This work provides the first insight into the molecular-level impact of sponge holobiont metabolism on reef DOM and establishes a foundation for future experimental studies addressing the influence of sponge-derived DOM on chemical and ecological processes in coral reef ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge exhalent seawater contains a unique chemical profile of dissolved organic matter

Fiore

Freeman

Kujawinski

2017

PeerJ

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“…Marine sponges harbor complex microbial communities Yahia et al 1689 of ecological and biotechnological importance (Hardoim et al, 2014). The high density and diversity of microorganisms in the mesohyl matrix likely promotes various forms of interactions between the microbial players and also between microbes and the sponge host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum sensing signal production by sponge-associated bacteria isolated from the Red Sea, Egypt

Yahia¹,

Hanora²,

Mahmoud³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Bacteria regulate their social activities and physiological processes through a quorum sensing (QS) mechanism. Many bacteria inhabit the mesohyl matrix of sponges. This symbiotic relationship is believed to contribute to the health and nutrition of sponges by production of protective antibiotics, the acquisition of limiting nutrients and nitrogen fixation. Marine isolates were analysed by bioassays using two different acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) reporter bacteria Chromobacterium violaceum 026 (CV026) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55. Thirty four marine isolates activated the A. tumefaciens and produce blue color. Using degenerate LuxS primers, partial LuxS gene sequences were detected in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species including Bacillus species, Proteus species, uncultured Bacterium species, Micrococcus species and Bacterium NLAE-zl-H221. Using degenerate LuxR primers, partial LuxR gene sequences were detected in Proteus spp., Providencia species and Bacterium NLAE-zl-H221. Partial LuxS gene sequences were detected in both Gramnegative and Gram-positive. The results thus assure the fact that LuxS gene has been proposed to be a universal interspecies signaling molecule. This study showed that, Proteus mirabilis strain SZH18, Proteus vulgaris and Bacterium NLAE-zl-H221 have both luxS and luxR genes, thus it was claimed that these isolates have the potential to use two different QS systems, for intraspecies communication and communication with other species.

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“…Many of the bioactive compounds produced by sponges with antimitotic, cytotoxic, antibacterial, and/or antitumor activities (Amade et al 1987, Uriz et al 1992, Becerro et al 1994, Monks et al 2002, Sipkema et al 2005, Blunt et al 2009, Hardoim & Costa 2014 inhibit the settlement of foreign larvae in the proximity of the sponge (Martin & Uriz 1993, Becerro et al 1997a, De Caralt et al 2013 or deter predation (Uriz et al 1996, Ribeiro et al 2010, Arias et al 2011. Spicules have also been reported to dissuade sponge predators to some extent (Burns & Ilan 2003, Hill et al 2005, Jones et al 2005, but see Chanas & Pawlik 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcareous spherules produced by intracellular symbiotic bacteria protect the sponge Hemimycale columella from predation better than secondary metabolites

Garate¹,

Blanquer

Uriz³

2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Benthic sessile organisms in general, and sponges in particular, have developed an array of defense mechanisms to survive in crowded, resource and/or space-limited environments. Indeed, various defense mechanisms may converge in sponges to accomplish a defensive function in an additive or synergetic way, or to operate at different times during the sponge's life cycle. Moreover, sponges harbor highly diverse microbial communities that contribute in several ways to the host's success. Although some symbiotic bacteria produce chemical compounds that protect the sponge from predation, the possible deterrent function exerted by the calcareous coat of a sponge's endosymbiotic bacterium has not, to date, been explored. Hemimycale columella is an Atlanto-Mediterranean sponge, which produces bioactive metabolites and has been reported to host an intracellular bacterium with a calcite envelope. Calcibacteria accumulate in high densities at the sponge periphery, forming a kind of sub-ectosomal cortex. They have been suggested to provide the sponge with several benefits, one of which is protection from predators. In this study, we assess the relative contribution of the endosymbiotic calcibacteria and bioactive compounds produced by H. columella to defend the sponge against sympatric predators. Deterrence experiments have revealed that the sponge combines >1 defense mechanism to dissuade a large array of potential predators; this represents an example of the evolutionary fixation of redundant mechanisms of defense. The chemicals deterred Paracentrotus lividus, Chromis chromis, Oblada melanura, and Diplodus vulgaris, but not Parablennius incognitus and Coris julis, while the spherules of the symbiotic calcibacteria significantly deterred all predators assayed.

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Microbial Communities and Bioactive Compounds in Marine Sponges of the Family Irciniidae—A Review

Cited by 50 publications

References 140 publications

Sponge exhalent seawater contains a unique chemical profile of dissolved organic matter

Sponge exhalent seawater contains a unique chemical profile of dissolved organic matter

Quorum sensing signal production by sponge-associated bacteria isolated from the Red Sea, Egypt

Calcareous spherules produced by intracellular symbiotic bacteria protect the sponge Hemimycale columella from predation better than secondary metabolites

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