Microbial Characteristics of Soils Under an Integrated Crop-Livestock System

Silva, Andréa Scaramal da; Filho, Arnaldo Colozzi; Nakatani, André Shigueyoshi; Alves, Sebastião; Andrade, Diva Souza; Guimarães, María de Fátima

doi:10.1590/01000683rbcs20150185

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Production systems and the introduction of animals influences the soil microbial community (Silva et al, 2015). In the present study, the density of Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

et al. 2018

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ABSTRACT. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) are sustainable options for agricultural diversification, but there have been few studies on the influence of ICLS on soil microorganisms. This work investigated the influence of agropastoral (AP) and agrosilvopastoral (ASP) systems, compared with a non-integrated crop (CO) on the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and on the density of Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules. In the first assay, soil samples were inoculated with R. solani and evaluated for soybean damping-off. After this, the soil was sterilized and re-inoculated with the pathogen for a new evaluation. Finally, 10% of the soil in the pots were substituted by newly soil samples collected from the same plots in the field to evaluate de suppressiveness transference by soil samples. In the second assay, native Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules were quantified in semi-selective media. Damping-off incidence in ASP was 70% compared to AP and CO. Evaluations with sterilized and transferred soil samples attributed this suppression to biotic factors. Fusarium propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 70% and 60% the amounts in AP and CO soils, respectively. Trichoderma propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 150% compared to AP, but similar to CO. The agrosilvopastoral system in the Brazilian subtropics has the potential to reduce pathogens and enhance beneficial microorganisms in the soil.Keywords: agricultural diversification, integrated crop-livestock system, soil health.Sistema agrosilvipastoril aumenta supressividade ao tombamento da soja causado por Rhizoctonia solani e altera a densidade de populações de Fusarium e Trichoderma RESUMO. Sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA) são opções sustentáveis para diversificação agrícola, mas existem poucos estudos sobre a influência de SIPA nos microrganismos do solo. Este trabalho investigou a influência de sistemas agropastoril (AP) e agrosilvipastoril (ASP), comparados com lavoura não integrada (CO) na supressão de Rhizoctonia solani e na densidade de propágulos de Fusarium e Trichoderma. No primeiro ensaio, amostras de solo foram inoculadas com R. solani e avaliadas para tombamento da soja. Em seguida, o solo foi esterilizado e reinoculado com o patógeno para uma nova avaliação. Finalmente, 10% do solo nos vasos foi substituído por novas amostras de solo coletadas das mesmas parcelas no campo, para avaliar a transferência da supressividade por amostras de solo. No segundo ensaio, propágulos nativos de Fusarium e Trichoderma foram quantificados em meios semi seletivos. A incidência de tombamento no ASP foi 70% comparada com AP e CO. Avaliações com solo esterilizado e transferido atribuem esta supressão a fatores bióticos. Propágulos de Fusarium foram recuperados no solo do ASP a 70% e 60% das quantidades nos solos do AP e CO, respectivamente. Propágulos de Trichoderma foram recuperados no solo do ASP 150% comparado com AP, mas semelhante ao CO. O sistema agrosilvipastoril no subtrópico brasileiro tem potencial para reduzir patógenos e aum...

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“…Production systems and the introduction of animals influences the soil microbial community (Silva et al, 2015). In the present study, the density of Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

et al. 2018

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“…According to Nogueira and Melo (2003) the maintenance of soil organic matter is essential for arylsulfatase activity, since the organic matter is the main reservoir source of sulfate esters, which are substrates of this enzyme. Thus, the enzymatic activity is related to the organic concentrations of carbon, which reflect the availability of substrates on which the enzymes can act (Silva et al, 2015).…”

Section: Acid Phosphatase Arylsulfatase and β-Glucosidasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological component of soil represents an important factor to manage its quality, as it has a relationship with physical and chemical components, which influence crop productivity and sustainability (Mendes et al, 2015). Despite the small volume, microorganisms play a fundamental role in soil reactions, including decomposition of organic residues, nutrient cycling, formation of the stable fraction of organic matter (OM) and structure promotion (Silva et al, 2015). However, the results interpretation represents one of the major challenges in evaluating biological indicators, considering the involvement of complex factors that can interact and influence the soil environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Pfeiffer Chromatography for Its Validation as an Indicator of Soil Quality

Graciano¹,

Matsumoto²,

Demétrio

et al. 2020

JAS

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Soil monitoring is fundamental to promote sustainability agroecosystems. It is necessary to consider indicators that bring together biological, physical, chemical and inter-relational attributes. Pfeiffer chromatography (PC) represents an important method for soil diagnosis, so the present study aims to analyze it in order to contribute to its validation. The soil samples of 12 production systems were evaluated in quintuplicate. The chromas were elaborated using Whatman no 4 filter paper, and the soil extract was performed by sodium hydroxide solution 1%. The results were obtained using revealing solution (AgNO3 0.5%) ascension by capillarity, and the chrome zones: central, internal, medium and external were correlated to soil penetration, chemical, biological and enzymatic parameters, respectively. Variance analysis was applied to the results that presented normal distribution and the means were compared by Scott-Knott test. T-test for Spearman correlations and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the correlations. There was negative correlation between the central zone and the average penetration resistance within the range 0-40 cm in depth. The internal, medium and external zones presented positive correlation with organic matter, carbon microbial biomass, and enzymatic activities, respectively. Quality standard features such as coloration, size and proportion of zones, presence of enzymatic clouds, peaks and radial lines were also confirmed. Thus, the standardization developed by this study contributed to validation of PC. Since PC is a low-cost and easy-to-perform method, it proves to be a useful tool allowing farmers autonomy to monitoring different agricultural systems, contributing to their production sustainable.

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“…The loss of pasture areas was not accompanied by a reduction in the size of the cattle herd, indicating higher stocking rates due to a tendency to use the confinement system (Esteves et al, 2017). Thus, to maintain earnings, it is necessary to develop sustainable systems with integrated production to optimize land use, by obtaining different products in the same area (Silva et al, 2015). In this scenario, the use of integrated cropelivestock systems (ICLS) is a good land-management option, not only to restore degraded pastures (Figueiredo et al, 2017), but also to maintain beef production while allowing grain production under better agricultural practices, and vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is suitable for this approach. But applying LCA to ICLS poses challenges, since integration can involve a wide range of alternatives and different practices between cropping and grazing activities (Silva et al, 2015), which makes the analysis complex. Therefore, the goal of this study is to verify whether ICLS are environmentally beneficial, regarding soybean biodiesel GHG emissions, compared to traditional soybean farming systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions related to biodiesel from traditional soybean farming compared to integrated crop-livestock systems

Esteves

Bungenstab

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Biodiesel has great potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as an alternative to fossil diesel. However, its production occurs under different agricultural systems, with different levels of emissions in the farming phase. Integrated crop-livestock systems can play an important role in this sense, since they combine livestock with crop farming, optimizing land and input usage, with good potential to reduce total emissions from energy and food agriculture. This study compares integrated crop-livestock systems with traditional soybean farming systems regarding biodiesel production, through life-cycle assessment. Additionally, it compares different integrated crop-livestock systems in Central Brazil, to evaluate their impact regarding greenhouse gas emissions. The life cycle assessment performed adopts two approaches to apportion the farming phase emissions (sub-process division and system expansion), as well as two functional units (emissions per hectare and per kilogram of biodiesel). The system expansion approach appears to be the most suitable because the studied agropastoral systems have strong reciprocal relationship and exchange of benefits among the different farming activities. This approach also considers co-products as avoided products, showing that the whole integrated system is environmentally more attractive due to negative emissions. When analyzing only biodiesel production, results show no substantial difference between traditional and integrated systems. Therefore, the factors with the greatest impact on biodiesel production, concerning GHG emissions, are the frequency of rotation (pasture/crop) and type of management in the agricultural system.

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Microbial Characteristics of Soils Under an Integrated Crop-Livestock System

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

<b>Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and alters <i>Fusarium </i>and <i>Trichoderma</i> population density

<b>Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and alters <i>Fusarium </i>and <i>Trichoderma</i> population density

Evaluating Pfeiffer Chromatography for Its Validation as an Indicator of Soil Quality

Greenhouse gas emissions related to biodiesel from traditional soybean farming compared to integrated crop-livestock systems

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