Microbial Biomass Turnover in Indian Subtropical Soils under Different Sugarcane Intercropping Systems

Gupta, Suman; Lal, Menhi; Singh, A. K.; Gaur, Anshu

doi:10.2134/agronj2005.0173

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Thus the initially observed N immobilization during the pre-sugarcane cropping period, due to the high C:N ratio of the sugarcane residues applied (Hemwong et al 2008), persisted into the sugarcane growing period. The size of microbial biomass N in our experiment was similar to that reported by Suman et al (2006) under different sugarcane intercropping systems in India. Indeed the relationship between soil mineral N and sugarcane yield confirmed the dependency of sugarcane performance on soil N availability.…”

Section: Sugarcane Stover Management Effectssupporting

confidence: 89%

Sugarcane residue management and grain legume crop effects on N dynamics, N losses and growth of sugarcane

Hemwong

Toomsan

Cadisch

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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To reduce greenhouse gas emissions farmers are being encouraged not to burn sugarcane residues. An experiment was set up in NE Thailand, where sugarcane residues of the last ratoon crop were either burned, surface mulched or incorporated and subsequently the field left fallow or planted to groundnut or soybean. The objectives of the current experiment were to evaluate the residual effects of these treatments during the following new sugarcane crop on (i) microbial and mineral N dynamics, (ii) performance of sugarcane and (iii) effectiveness of recycled legume residues compared to mineral N fertilizer on N use efficiencies, 15 N recovery in the system and in soil particle size and density fractions (using 15 N labelled legume residues and fertilizer). The millable cane and sugar yield were positively affected by sugarcane residue mulching and incorporation compared to burning suggesting microbial remobilization of previously immobilized N. Residual effects of legumes increased sugarcane tillering and yield (127 and 116 Mg ha -1 for groundnut and soybean, respectively) compared to the fallow treatment without N fertilizer (112 Mg ha -1 ). Soybean residues of higher C:N ratio (33:1) and lignin content (13%) compared to groundnut residues (21:1 C:N, 5% lignin) decomposed slower and improved N synchrony with cane N demand. This led to a better conservation of residue N in the system with proportionally less 15 N losses (15-17%) compared to the large losses from groundnut residues (50-57%) or from mineral N fertilizer (50-63%). 15 N recoveries in soil were larger from residues (41-80%) than from fertilizer (30%) at final harvest. Recycled legume residues were able to substitute basal fertilizer N application but not topdressing after 6 months.

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Section: Sugarcane Stover Management Effectssupporting

confidence: 89%

Sugarcane residue management and grain legume crop effects on N dynamics, N losses and growth of sugarcane

Hemwong

Toomsan

Cadisch

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…Such results increase in microbial biomass C, N and P due to organic matter were also reported by Ruess and Seagle (1994), Ghoshal and Singh (1995), Singh and Singh (1995) and Ros et al (2003). The range of C mic (186-320 lg g -1 soil) in the present study was comparable to 85.5-537 lg g -1 soil under P. cineraria under arid conditions (Nagarajan and Sundaramoorthy, 2000), 203-255 lg g -1 soil under Bactris, Hevea and polyculture based agroforestry Table 3 Annual microbial nutrient fluxes (kg ha -1 year -1 ) through C mic , N mic , P mic and dehydrogenase (p Kat kg -1 soil) and alkaline phosphatase activity (lml PNP s -1 ) under MPTs based agroforestry system land uses Values not marked with the same superscript letter are significant (P \ 0.01) using Tukeys HSD test Agroforest Syst (2011) 81:195-202 199 (Kurzatkowski et al 2004) and 193-267 lg g -1 soil under Indian subtropical soils (Suman et al 2006). The higher amount of microbial biomass C, N and P under P. cineraria might be due to greater micro fungal biomass than under other MPTs as reported by Nagarajan and Sundaramoorthy (2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biological properties under different tree based traditional agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India

Yadav¹,

Yadav

Chhipa

et al. 2010

Agroforest Syst

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“…Organic management promotes microbial C and, thereby, soil C sequestration potential. Suman et al (2006) have shown changes in sugarcane rhizosphere soil quality due to intercropping by different crops and their residue incorporation. The incorporation of labile C substrates, such as pulses, led to improved yield and N mineralization, and the buildup of a secondary C pool and microbial C demonstrated, in the case of cereals, mustard and potato, that intercropping can promote long-term stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and soil nutrient balance of a sugarcane plant–ratoon system with conventional and organic nutrient management in sub-tropical India

Singh

Gupta

Singh

et al. 2007

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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A 3-year field trial of sugarcane, comprising 11 treatment combinations of different organic manures with and without Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (Gd), NPK and an absolute control, on an inceptisol was conducted to assess the effect of these treatments on sugarcane total and economic yield, the benefit:cost ratio, nutrient balance and soil quality in a sugarcane plant-ratoon system. The highest cane yield (78.6 t ha À1 ) was recorded in the plant crop given vermicompost + Gd, whereas ratoon yields (first and second) were highest (80.8 and 74.9 t/ha À1 , respectively) with sulphitation press mud cake (SPMC) + Gd. In both plant and ratoon crops, a number of different organic manures produced the highest cane yield that was also statistically similar to those obtained with using the recommended NPK levels (76.1, 78.2 and 71.7 t/ha for plant crop and subsequent two ratoons, respectively). The highest benefit:cost (B:C) ratio in the plant and two ratoon crops (1.28, 2.36, 2.03 respectively) were obtained with the addition of SPMC + Gd. The nutrient balance for NPK in the soil was highest in the SPMC + Gd treatment. The highest increase in organic C (94%) and total N (87%), in comparison to the initial level, and soil microbial biomass C (113%) and soil microbial biomass N (229%), in comparison to the control treatment, was recorded with the addition of SPMC + Gd. The maximum decrease in soil bulk density (BD) (12%) with an increase in soil aggregate (17%) and water infiltration rate (35%) was obtained with the addition of SPMC. Overall, the sugarcane crop responded well to different organic manures in a multiple ratooning system with a better economic output and improved soil quality. Strategic planning in terms of an integrated application of these manures with inorganic chemicals will not only sustain our soils but will also be beneficial for our farmers in terms of reducing their dependence and expenditure on chemical fertilizers.

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Microbial Biomass Turnover in Indian Subtropical Soils under Different Sugarcane Intercropping Systems

Cited by 53 publications

References 45 publications

Sugarcane residue management and grain legume crop effects on N dynamics, N losses and growth of sugarcane

Sugarcane residue management and grain legume crop effects on N dynamics, N losses and growth of sugarcane

Soil biological properties under different tree based traditional agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India

Yield and soil nutrient balance of a sugarcane plant–ratoon system with conventional and organic nutrient management in sub-tropical India

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