Microbial biomass and activity at various soil depths in a Brazilian oxisol after two decades of no-tillage and conventional tillage

Babujia, Letícia Carlos; Hungría, Mariangela; Franchini, J. C.; Brookes, Philip C.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013

Cited by 134 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Changes in vegetation like deforestation reduce the microbial respiration in the long-term (Bastida et al, 2006) due to decrease in organic carbon inputs into the soil via surface or rhizosphere (Bini et al, 2013). In agricultural systems, the soil management affects the microbial activity, and in general, the less impacting managements result in higher microbial activity (Balota et al, 2003;Babujia et al, 2010). In this scenario, the organic matter modulates the biological activity as source of C, energy and nutrients that will be mineralized to CO 2 and minerals.…”

Section: Microbiological and Biochemical Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…decrease in organic matter (Grace et al, 1994), loss of structure (Bayer et al, 2001), increased risk of erosion (Volk et al, 2004), in addition to losses of microbial diversity and activity (Gupta et al, 1994). Less aggressive techniques of soil use, like minimum tillage (Sun et al, 2010) and no-tillage (Balota et al, 2003;Babujia et al, 2010) have been identified as less impacting systems of soil management. In general, the no-tillage system, in addition to adequate crop rotation, has shown to improve attributes associated to soil health.…”

Section: Indicators Of Soil Health Under Varying Soil Tillage Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the no-tillage system, in addition to adequate crop rotation, has shown to improve attributes associated to soil health. A more stable soil temperature and humidity due to the constant soil mulching, greater inputs and maintenance of organic matter, protection against rain drops, thus preventing soil erosion, do stimulate the soil microbial diversity and activity, and consequent enhancement of nutrient cycling (Balota et al, 2003;Babujia et al, 2010;Kaschuk et al, 2010;Peixoto et al, 2010).…”

Section: Indicators Of Soil Health Under Varying Soil Tillage Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil health: looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health?

Cardoso¹,

Vasconcellos²,

Bini³

et al. 2013

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

407

220

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Soil Health refers to the ecological equilibrium and the functionality of a soil and its capacity to maintain a well balanced ecosystem with high biodiversity above and below surface, and productivity. To understand and use soil health as a tool for sustainability, physical, chemical, and biological properties must be employed to verify which respond to the soil use and management within a desired timescale. Attributes with a rapid response to natural or anthropogenic actions are considered good indicators of soil health. Among the physical indicators, soil texture, aggregation, moisture, porosity, and bulk density have been used, while among chemical indicators total C and N, mineral nutrients, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, among others are well established. However, most of them generally have a slow response, when compared to the biological ones, such as microbial biomass C and N, biodiversity, soil enzymes, soil respiration, etc., in addition to macro and mesofauna. Thus, a systemic approach based on different kinds of indicators (physical, chemical and biological) in assessing soil health would be safer than using only one kind of attribute. Many human activities have caused desertification, loss of biodiversity, disruption of aggregates, loss of organic matter and nutrients, among others. Today, it is imperious to maintain soil health and productivity with increasing emphasis on reforestation and recuperation of degraded areas through the use of organic amendments, reintroduction of plants, soil fauna and microorganisms. This review focused on an integrative view on indicators of soil health to be used as tools for prediction of sustainability in production systems.

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Section: Microbiological and Biochemical Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Indicators Of Soil Health Under Varying Soil Tillage Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Indicators Of Soil Health Under Varying Soil Tillage Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Soil health: looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health?

Cardoso¹,

Vasconcellos²,

Bini³

et al. 2013

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

407

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The moisture in the soil and cave sediment samples was estimated by the gravimetric method, drying at 105 8C for 20 h to 7 days after sampling, and the results were expressed as dry weight. The MBC contents were estimated with a spectrophotometer using the correction factor (K CE ) of 0.41 as recommended for tropical soils to avoid overestimating the results (Barbujia et al, 2010). The MBN of the substrate was determined by the addition of 1.5 mL of H 2 SO 4 and 50 mg of a catalyst mixture (K 2 SO 4 þ CuSO 4 , 10:1) to 20 mL of substrate extract.…”

Section: Chemical and Biological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial filamentous fungi from Gruta do Catão (São Desidério, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil) show high levels of cellulose degradation

Paula¹,

Montoya²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2016

JCKS

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Subterranean environments are oligotrophic. However, few studies have investigated the composition and function of their terrestrial mycobiota. This study examined the functional role of filamentous cave fungi in cellulose degradation. Soil samples and dry sediment were collected in the surface epigean environment and two sites in the entrance and twilight zones inside Gruta do Catão in the São Desidério karst area, state of Bahia, Brazil. Fungi were cultured from the samples, and the total organic carbon, culturable microorganisms, and carbon and nitrogen microbial biomasses were estimated. All fungal strains were evaluated for cellulase production in carboxymethylcellulose synthetic medium, and the enzymatic indices were estimated. We observed a significant difference (p 0.05) in physical, chemical, and biological parameters between epigean soil and cave sediments by Tukey's test. We recovered a total of 20 isolates comprising the genera Aspergillus (50.0%), Penicillium (25.0%), Talaromyces (10.0%), Trichoderma (5.0%), Purpureocillium (5.0%) and Scopulariopsis (5.0%). The majority of the isolates (90%) showed cellulolytic activity, which is a higher percentage compared to that normally reported in the literature for sediments. Thus there is a high probability that the filamentous fungi act in nutrient cycling, thereby contributing to the quality and maintenance of the cave ecosystem. These results indicate that parameters such as total organic carbon, biomass, and relative humidity that tend to differ between caves and epigean environments, provide selective pressures for microorganisms that use alternative sources of energy and nutrients.

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“…Furthermore, recent studies suggest that evaluations of soil microorganisms can show changes in soil quality prior to alterations in physical or chemical parameters (BABUJIA et al, 2010;HUNGRIA et al, 2009;KASCHUK;ALBERTON;HUNGRIA, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial diversity in an Oxisol under no-tillage and conventional tillage in southern Brazil

Babujia¹,

Silva²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2014

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-The no-tillage (NT) system of soil management is recognized as more sustainable than conventional tillage (CT), with an important role played by soil microorganisms. The objective of this study was to estimate differences in soil microbial diversity under NT and CT at different soil depths. For that, bacterial (16S rDNA) and fungal (18S rDNA) communities were evaluated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) in a 20-year field experiment established on an Oxisol in southern Brazil on which soybean has been grown in the summer and wheat in the winter. Soil samples were collected at the depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm, and submitted to DGGE analyses. The results revealed lower similarity (28%) between bacterial communities in the NT and the CT systems at the 0-5 cm layer. The Shannon index (H) confirmed higher bacterial diversity with NT at all depths, when compared to CT. In relation to fungal communities, higher diversity was detected with CT, especially at the 0-5-cm depth. The results indicate that fungal communities can be more tolerant to environmental stresses related to soil disturbance than bacteria. More emphasis should be given for understanding processes affecting the diversity of microorganisms in agricultural soils, with particular emphasis on tillage systems.Key words: Bacterial diversity. Fungal diversity. PCR-DGGE. Soil tillage.RESUMO -O sistema de plantio direto (PD) é reconhecido como mais sustentável que o plantio convencional (PC), desempenhando um importante papel na atividade dos microrganismos do solo. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar diferenças na diversidade microbiana do solo sob PD e PC, em diferentes profundidades. Para isso, foram avaliadas as comunidades bacteriana (16S rDNA) e fúngica (18S rDNA) através da eletroforese em gel com gradiente desnaturante (DGGE), em um experimento de campo estabelecido há 20 anos em um Latossolo Vermelho no sul do Brasil, com a soja cultivada no verão e trigo no inverno. As amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 e 20-30 cm, e foram submetidas a análises de DGGE. Os resultados revelaram baixa similaridade (28%) na profundidade de 0-5 cm para as comunidades bacterianas entre o sistema de PD e PC. O índice de Shannon (H) confirmou diversidade bacteriana superior no PD em todas as profundidades, quando comparado ao PC. Em relação às comunidades fúngicas, a maior diversidade foi detectada no sistema de PC, especialmente na profundidade de 0-5 cm. Os resultados indicam que as comunidades fúngicas podem ser mais tolerantes a estresses ambientais relacionados com a perturbação do solo que as bactérias. Maior ênfase deve ser dada para compreender os processos que afetam a diversidade dos microrganismos em solos agrícolas, com particular destaque para os sistemas de preparo do solo. Palavras-chave: Diversidade bacteriana. Diversidade fúngica. PCR-DGGE. Manejo do Solo

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Microbial biomass and activity at various soil depths in a Brazilian oxisol after two decades of no-tillage and conventional tillage

Cited by 134 publications

References 41 publications

Soil health: looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health?

Soil health: looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health?

Terrestrial filamentous fungi from Gruta do Catão (São Desidério, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil) show high levels of cellulose degradation

Microbial diversity in an Oxisol under no-tillage and conventional tillage in southern Brazil

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