Microbial Aspects in Wastewater Treatment – A Technical Review

Abstract

Generation of wastewater is just unavoidable but its discharge into the environment is of great concern. Wastewater mainly comprised of any unwanted waste that could pollute our water system including sewage sludge, wastewater from domestic, industrial, dairy, fish canning and oil and gas industry. Since the early 1990s, microbial treatment processes have gained increasing attention due to its facility and high efficiency compared to conventional techniques. This paper focuses on the essential mechanisms involved in different microbial treatment techniques and special attention on the most recent challenges and developments will be highlighted in this review.

Nonbacterial Microflora in Wastewater Treatment Plants: an Underappreciated Potential Source of Pathogens

“…Analyzing municipal wastewater at the WWTPs has become indispensable for monitoring disease, with a prime example being the monitoring of COVID-19 community prevalence and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variant mutations during the pandemic ( 29 ). The effectiveness of WWTPs depends on the physical and biological processes performed by both bacterial and nonbacterial microbial flora present in these systems ( 30 ). However, many studies only focus on the bacterial microflora of WWTPs, leading to an important knowledge gap in how these systems operate.…”

A comprehensive review on comparison among effluent treatment methods and modern methods of treatment of industrial wastewater effluent from different sources

“…The major pathogenic protozoans present in the industrial wastewater are Giardia and Cryptosporidium that have the capacity to cause acute and chronic diseases with short- and long-term effects (Dadrasnia Arezoo et al 2017 ), such as degenerative heart diseases and stomach ulcers with severity.…”

Continuous degradation of micropollutants in real world treated wastewaters by photooxidation in dynamic conditions

“…The capacities expressed in population equivalent, correspond to residence times of wastewater in the biological basins of the order of one unit (h). (Arezoo et al, 2017;Zhao et al, 2022). In order to comply with this requirement, the photoreactor was subjected to a daily feed of 25 L/d corresponding to a residence time of 1.92 h. The effluent used to feed the photoreactor was an urban TWW from 100,000-PE WWTP (see Reoyo-Prats et al (2021) for details).…”