Microbes and Their Role in Bioremediation of Soil

Abstract

Soil is the Earth's shell and is getting polluted in a number of ways in the present scenario. Human activities are the root cause of different types of soil pollution, which is an alarming issue and has become a major obstacle that needs to be overcome to build a cleaner environment. The area of polluted soil is widening day by day by virtue of a sharp increase in people from all over the world. It has been expected that the global population will continue to increase up to 9 billion by 2050, and such prodigious population may be in need of advanced agricultural and industrial systems, which may inevitably cause soil pollution. Therefore, it is essential to control soil pollution, and fortunately, the solution for this is microbes that are the real creatures of life on Earth. In fact, microorganisms play a unique role in the detoxification of polluted soil environments, and in the last several years, this process has been called bioremediation. Remediation of polluted soils is necessary, and research continues to develop novel, science-based remediation methods.