Microbeam of 100 keV x ray with a sputtered-sliced Fresnel zone plate

Kamijo, Nagao; Suzuki, Yoshio; Takano, Hidekazu; Tamura, Shigeharu; Yasumoto, M.; Takeuchi, Akihisa; Awaji, M.

doi:10.1063/1.1614882

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The m-XRF imaging analysis was carried out at BL37XU of the Super Photon Ring-8 facility in Hyogo, Japan. Details of the m-XRF system have been reported by Kamijo et al (2003) and Hokura et al (2006). Elemental maps were obtained by scanning the samples with a 10.0-keV monochromatized beam.…”

Section: M-xrf Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Changes in the Distribution of Minerals in Relation to Phytic Acid Accumulation during Rice Seed Development

et al. 2012

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Phytic acid (inositol hexakisphosphate [InsP 6 ]) is the storage compound of phosphorus in seeds. As phytic acid binds strongly to metallic cations, it also acts as a storage compound of metals. To understand the mechanisms underlying metal accumulation and localization in relation to phytic acid storage, we applied synchrotron-based x-ray microfluorescence imaging analysis to characterize the simultaneous subcellular distribution of some mineral elements (phosphorus, calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, and copper) in immature and mature rice (Oryza sativa) seeds. This fine-imaging method can reveal whether these elements colocalize. We also determined their accumulation patterns and the changes in phosphate and InsP 6 contents during seed development. While the InsP 6 content in the outer parts of seeds rapidly increased during seed development, the phosphate contents of both the outer and inner parts of seeds remained low. Phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and iron were most abundant in the aleurone layer, and they colocalized throughout seed development. Zinc was broadly distributed from the aleurone layer to the inner endosperm. Copper localized outside the aleurone layer and did not colocalize with phosphorus. From these results, we suggest that phosphorus translocated from source organs was immediately converted to InsP 6 and accumulated in aleurone layer cells and that calcium, potassium, and iron accumulated as phytic acid salt (phytate) in the aleurone layer, whereas zinc bound loosely to InsP 6 and accumulated not only in phytate but also in another storage form. Copper accumulated in the endosperm and may exhibit a storage form other than phytate.

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Section: M-xrf Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Changes in the Distribution of Minerals in Relation to Phytic Acid Accumulation during Rice Seed Development

et al. 2012

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“…The key technology for the -XRF imaging of heavy elements is definitely the development of focusing optics for high-energy X-rays, and it has recently been developed at SPring-8 using a Fresnel Zone plate (FZP). 10,11 The plant samples of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera 6 were collected around an abandoned mine site in Hyogo prefecture.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FZP was produced by the sputtered-slice manufacturing method. 10 A Si(Li) solid-state detector was placed in the appropriate position with respect to the direction of the incoming beam to minimize the scattering. The step size was set to 3 mm and provided some oversampling, ensuring that no area of the target was missed.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

2-D X-ray Fluorescence Imaging of Cadmium Hyperaccumulating Plants by Using High-energy Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Microbeam

Hokura¹,

Onuma²,

Kitajima³

et al. 2006

Chemistry Letters

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The monochromatic X-ray (37 keV) focused to microbeam (3 Â 3 mm 2 ) with a Fresnel zone plate allows us for the first time to measure a cellular distribution of cadmium in the cadmium hyperaccumulating plant, Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera by detecting the Cd K line. The distribution of cadmium in the leaves was clearly observed by in vivo monitoring. It was found that cadmium had highly accumulated in certain parts of the trichomes.A specific type of plants can grow in contaminated soils and absorb a large amount of heavy elements in their bodies. 1,2Arabidopsis halleri is known as a cadmium and zinc hyperaccumulator, 3-6 which can contain more than 10,000 mg kg À1 cadmium and zinc in shoot.5 This characteristic makes hyperaccumulators highly suitable for phytoremediation, a soft method in which plants are used for the cleanup of heavy metal-polluted soils.7 However, the cellular distribution of cadmium in the plant and the pathway of transportation remained unknown and the accumulation mechanism has not yet been revealed. The twodimensional (2-D) analysis of trace cadmium in plant tissues is a key analytical method to investigate such accumulation mechanism. Recent studies using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) documented the cellular distribution of zinc in the tissues of A. halleri.3-5 In its leaves, zinc had been mostly sequestered in the base of the trichomes and in the mesophyll cells. 4,5 Trichomes are epidermal hairs present at the surface of leaves of A. halleri, and their functions are thought to be the exudation of various molecules or the storage of metals etc. 8,9 However, conventional SEM-EDX mapping is not suitable for the analysis of cadmium owing to the low sensitivity of the electron beam excitation for heavy elements. Furthermore, the detection of the Cd L-line is also difficult because the line overlaps with the K-line peak of potassium, which is an essential element for plants.In the present study, we have developed an in vivo micro-X-ray fluorescence (-XRF) imaging technique utilizing highenergy synchrotron radiation (SR) in order to reveal the distribution of cadmium and zinc in the tissues and cells of the hyperaccumulator plants and to investigate their physiology and accumulation mechanism for heavy elements. The key technology for the -XRF imaging of heavy elements is definitely the development of focusing optics for high-energy X-rays, and it has recently been developed at SPring-8 using a Fresnel Zone plate (FZP). 10,11The plant samples of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera 6 were collected around an abandoned mine site in Hyogo prefecture. The leaves of the plant were subjected to the nondestructive analysis without any sample preparation. Some samples were cut with a vertical slicer, and the thin sections were sealed in a Mylar Ò plastic bag together with a small piece of moist unwoven paper in order to prevent the sample from drying out.2-D -XRF imaging was carried out at BL37XU of SPring-8.12 The X-ray from an undulator was monoc...

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“…Hierbei werden auf einem rotierenden Draht alternierend Schichten aus stark und schwach absorbierenden Materialien deponiert, wobei die Schichtdicken dem Zonenplattenbildungsgesetz folgen. Aus dem beschichteten Draht wird anschließend eine Scheibe gewünschter optischer Tiefe extrahiert, sodass sich durch das nahezu unbegrenzte Aspektverhältnis sogar der Zugang zu extrem kleinen Wellenlängen von bis zu 0,012 nm ergibt [31]. Trotz intensiver Forschung konnte mit diesen Optiken bisher jedoch kein Fokus von wenigen Nanometern erzielt werden, was in erster Linie auf eine unzureichende Präzision der Schichtdeposition, insbesondere in Folge kumulativer Rauigkeiten und auf Beschädigungen während der Scheibenextraktion zurückzuführen war, die mit der üblichen Sputter-Slice-Präparationsmethode einhergehen [32].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Multilagenzonenplatten für die Mikroskopie mit harter Röntgenstrahlung

Eberl¹

2016

Göttingen Series in X-Ray Physics

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Microbeam of 100 keV x ray with a sputtered-sliced Fresnel zone plate

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Dynamic Changes in the Distribution of Minerals in Relation to Phytic Acid Accumulation during Rice Seed Development

Dynamic Changes in the Distribution of Minerals in Relation to Phytic Acid Accumulation during Rice Seed Development

2-D X-ray Fluorescence Imaging of Cadmium Hyperaccumulating Plants by Using High-energy Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Microbeam

Multilagenzonenplatten für die Mikroskopie mit harter Röntgenstrahlung

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