Microarrays as Platform for Multiplex Assays in Biomarker and Drug Discovery

Abstract

Despite the tremendous advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and the complexity of the diseases is one of the present challenges for the scientific community; then, novel strategies are required to be designed and developed for effective strategies for early diagnosis and treatment. As many cellular alterations are observed at protein level, high-throughput assays are dramatically needed for biomarker discovery. Herein, we describe advantages and limitations of protein microarrays, as proteomics strategy useful for multiplex and high-throughput protein characterization in clinical samples. Finally, a few examples are discussed; mostly of them related to currently disease biomarkers already identified in proximal fluids by protein arrays are discussed.

Restoring the Immunity in the Tumor Microenvironment: Insights into Immunogenic Cell Death in Onco-Therapies

“…There is not even a defined biological target other than the development of targeted ER stress. Nevertheless, the versatility of structures and pharmacological mechanisms that can be found in these compounds makes the approach of high-throughput screening for immunological properties very appropriate [ 172 ].…”

A Comparative Cross-Platform Analysis to Identify Potential Biomarker Genes for Evaluation of Teratozoospermia and Azoospermia

“…Moreover, it is important to find new treatment approaches to avoid time-consuming and painful options, as well as to understand the molecular changes in infertility. Microarray has been widely utilized in recent times to identify candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets by studying changes in genome-wide gene expressions [ 25 , 26 ]. Some of the circumscribing factors leading to the discordant findings are minute sample sizes, various microarray systems, and different statistical methods.…”