Microarray-based gene expression profiles in multiple tissues of the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori

Xia, Qingyou; Cheng, Daojun; Duan, Jun; Wang, Genhong; Cheng, Tingcai; Zha, Xingfu; Liu, Chun Yu; Zhao, Pingping; Dai, Fangyin; Zhang, Ze; He, Ningjia; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Xiang

doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r162

Cited by 277 publications

(379 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…As determined by qPCR, the mRNA levels of three major fibroin genes, fibroin heavy chain (Fih), Fil, and p25 in the posterior silk gland from [D(+)E(+)] silkworms were all up-regulated 2-to 3-fold compared to controls ( Figure 4A-4C). The mRNA level of the transcription factor gene, bHLH, which is expressed exclusively in the silk gland and regulates the fibroin genes [17,18], was ~3-fold higher in [D(+)E(+)] silkworms than in controls ( Figure 4D). The mechanism by which Ras activation up-regulates bHLH and the fibroin genes is unclear and merits further investigation.…”

Section: Ras Activation Stimulates Ras Downstream Effectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ras1CA overexpression in the posterior silk gland improves silk yield

Zhu

et al. 2011

Cell Res

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Sericulture has been greatly advanced by applying hybrid breeding techniques to the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, but has reached a plateau during the last decades. For the first time, we report improved silk yield in a GAL4/UAS transgenic silkworm. Overexpression of the Ras1 CA oncogene specifically in the posterior silk gland improved fibroin production and silk yield by 60%, while increasing food consumption by only 20%. Ras activation by Ras1 CA overexpression in the posterior silk gland enhanced phosphorylation levels of Ras downstream effector proteins, up-regulated fibroin mRNA levels, increased total DNA content, and stimulated endoreplication. Moreover, Ras1 activation increased cell and nuclei sizes, enriched subcellular organelles related to protein synthesis, and stimulated ribosome biogenesis for mRNA translation. We conclude that Ras1 activation increases cell size and protein synthesis in the posterior silk gland, leading to silk yield improvement.

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Section: Ras Activation Stimulates Ras Downstream Effectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ras1CA overexpression in the posterior silk gland improves silk yield

Zhu

et al. 2011

Cell Res

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“…1), the gene responsible for sch should be expressed in both of these regions. We analyzed the expression profiles of the eight initial candidate genes based on microarray data for different larval tissues on day 3 of the fifth instar (32). Only one gene was expressed in both head and epidermis (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repression of tyrosine hydroxylase is responsible for the sex-linked chocolate mutation of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Lei

Yamamoto

Cheng

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Pigmentation patterning has long interested biologists, integrating topics in ecology, development, genetics, and physiology. Wild-type neonatal larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori , are completely black. By contrast, the epidermis and head of larvae of the homozygous recessive sex-linked chocolate ( sch ) mutant are reddish brown. When incubated at 30 °C, mutants with the sch allele fail to hatch; moreover, homozygous mutants carrying the allele sch lethal ( sch l ) do not hatch even at room temperature (25 °C). By positional cloning, we narrowed a region containing sch to 239,622 bp on chromosome 1 using 4,501 backcross (BC1) individuals. Based on expression analyses, the best sch candidate gene was shown to be tyrosine hydroxylase ( BmTh ). BmTh coding sequences were identical among sch , sch l , and wild-type. However, in sch the ∼70-kb sequence was replaced with ∼4.6 kb of a Tc1-mariner type transposon located ∼6 kb upstream of BmTh , and in sch l , a large fragment of an L1Bm retrotransposon was inserted just in front of the transcription start site of BmTh . In both cases, we observed a drastic reduction of BmTh expression. Use of RNAi with BmTh prevented pigmentation and hatching, and feeding of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor also suppressed larval pigmentation in the wild-type strain, pnd + and in a pS (black-striped) heterozygote. Feeding L-dopa to sch neonate larvae rescued the mutant phenotype from chocolate to black. Our results indicate the BmTh gene is responsible for the sch mutation, which plays an important role in melanin synthesis producing neonatal larval color.

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“…Gene expression levels were visualized using GeneCluster 2.0. 28,29 The detailed experimental procedures for microarray and data analyses were described in previous report.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Based on the nucleotide sequences, a genomewide oligonucleotide microarray with more than 22,000 probes, including 9 papain-specific oligonucleotide probes, were constructed. 28 To determine the developmental expression patterns, individuals were collected for both genders at 20 different time points, including day 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of the fifth instar; start of wandering; 12th, 24th, 36th, 48th, 60th, 72nd, 96th, 120th hour after wandering; day 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 after wandering, and adult. Three individuals were collected and combined as one sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of Bombyx mori arylphorins reveals a 3:3 heterohexamer with multiple papain cleavage sites

Hou

et al. 2014

Protein Science

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In holometabolous insects, the accumulation and utilization of storage proteins (SPs), including arylphorins and methionine-rich proteins, are critical for the insect metamorphosis. SPs function as amino acids reserves, which are synthesized in fat body, secreted into the larval hemolymph and taken up by fat body shortly before pupation. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of digestion and utilization of SPs during development are largely unknown. Here, we report the crystal structure of Bombyx mori arylphorins at 2.8 Å , which displays a heterohexameric structural arrangement formed by trimerization of dimers comprising two structural similar arylphorins. Our limited proteolysis assay and microarray data strongly suggest that papain-like proteases are the major players for B. mori arylphorins digestion in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with the biochemical data, dozens of papain cleavage sites are mapped on the surface of the heterohexameric structure of B. mori arylphorins. Hence, our results provide the insightful information to understand the metamorphosis of holometabolous insects at molecular level.

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Microarray-based gene expression profiles in multiple tissues of the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori

Abstract: Using a genome-wide oligonucleotide microarray, gene expression was surveyed in multiple silkworm tissues on day 3 of the fifth instar, providing a new resource for annotating the silkworm genome.

Cited by 277 publications

References 47 publications

Ras1CA overexpression in the posterior silk gland improves silk yield

Ras1CA overexpression in the posterior silk gland improves silk yield

Repression of tyrosine hydroxylase is responsible for the sex-linked chocolate mutation of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Crystal structure of Bombyx mori arylphorins reveals a 3:3 heterohexamer with multiple papain cleavage sites

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