“…Some fungal species exhibit remarkable resistance to ionizing radiation [IR ], demonstrated by their ability to colonize environments with high IR levels, such as space (Castro et al, 2004;Cucinotta and Durante, 2006;Novikova et al, 2006;Onofri et al, 2012;Selbmann et al, 2015;Cordero, 2017) or sites of nuclear disasters (Zhdanova et al, 2000;Shuryak, 2019). The yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans, Ustilago maydis and Aureobasidium pullulans have been shown to withstand doses greater than 5000 Gray (Gy, 1 J kg â1 ) of Îł-radiation in the laboratory (Holliday, 1975;Lee and Yarranton, 1982;Holloman et al, 2007;Jung et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2017;Milisavljevic et al, 2018), approximately 500-1000Ă higher than doses lethal to mammalian cell lines (Anno et al, 2003;Qing et al, 2010).…”