Microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes in cells resistant to HIV-1

A Soluble Factor Secreted by an HIV-1-Resistant Cell Line Blocks Transcription through Inactivating the DNA-Binding Capacity of the NF-κB p65/p50 Dimer

“…The results of our previous studies indicated that the acquisition of HIV-1 resistance triggered a panel of changes in gene expression (16), and one of these changes included the expression of HRF. Concurrent with proposition that CAF might be a collection of known antiviral cytokines with redundant functions (45), the increasing body of evidence suggests that HRF is not a single molecule.…”

“…The HRF ϩ cells permitted virus entry, RT, and translocation of HIV-1 DNA into the nucleus, but restricted transcription of viral DNA (10). Subsequent analysis of gene expression profiles in HIV-1-resistant HRF ϩ cells showed modulation of genes involved in transcription and indicated global changes in the cellular mechanisms that might be involved in the maintenance of the acquired resistance phenotype (16). Several genes that are differentially expressed in HRF ϩ cells are implicated in either susceptibility of cells to HIV-1 or promotion of HIV-1 transcription itself.…”

HIV-1–infected dendritic cells show 2 phases of gene expression changes, with lysosomal enzyme activity decreased during the second phase

“…A global analysis of overall gene expression profiles would provide an integrated picture of the complex and subtle changes occurring within these cells after exposure to HIV-1. To date, microarray analysis has been used to examine gene expression in HIV-1-infected T-cell lines, [18][19][20] and HIV-1 and/or monomeric gp120-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), 20,21 macrophages, 4,22 and astrocytes. 1,3,22 DCs have unique aspects to their interactions with HIV-1.…”

The critical role of human transcriptional repressor CTCF mRNA up-regulation in the induction of anti-HIV-1 responses in CD4+ T cells

“…In previous studies we characterized our CD4 + T cell model for studies of acquired resistance to HIV-1 infection [8][9][10][11][12]. In this model, HIV-1 resistant cells named HRF(+), restricted transcription of viral genome through the protective activity of a novel soluble protein factor (s) named HRF (HIV-1 Resistance Factor) acting on the level of nuclear NF-κB/DNA binding [9][10][11].…”

“…In this model, HIV-1 resistant cells named HRF(+), restricted transcription of viral genome through the protective activity of a novel soluble protein factor (s) named HRF (HIV-1 Resistance Factor) acting on the level of nuclear NF-κB/DNA binding [9][10][11]. Thorough analysis of genes involved in transcription regulation revealed that the expression of CTCF mRNA was consistently up-regulated in HRF(+) cells [8]. As CTCF is a potent suppressor of transcription [3,5,13], a characteristic that is also the "landmark" of HRF antiviral activity [10,12], we explored the significance of CTCF mRNA up-regulation and its link to the acquired resistance to HIV-1 in CD4 + T cells.…”