Microalgal biomass pretreatment for bioethanol production: a review

Velazquez-Lucio, Jesús; Rodríguez-Jasso, Rosa M.; Colla, Luciane Maria; Sáenz‐Galindo, Aidé; Cervantes-Cisneros, Daniela E.; Aguilar, Cristóbal N.; Fernandes, Bruno D.; Ruiz, Héctor A.

doi:10.18331/brj2018.5.1.5

Cited by 169 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Global energy demand and consumption are continuously increasing with the rapidly growing world population. This has resulted in a grave depletion of fossil-fuel reservoirs Velazquez-Lucio et al, 2018). Therefore, recent research interests have been focused towards the generation of alternative and eco-friendly energy sources (Saritha et al, 2012; Bateni and Karimi, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic hydrolysis of biologically pretreated sorghum husk for bioethanol production

et al. 2018

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HIGHLIGHTS Biological pretreatment of sorghum husk using Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated. Activities of different ligninolytic and hydrolytic enzymes during biological pretreatment were evaluated. Significant increase in reducing sugar production as a result of biological pretreatment of sorghum husk vs. untreated biomass. Biological pretreatment led to substantial surface morphological changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic hydrolysis of biologically pretreated sorghum husk for bioethanol production

et al. 2018

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“…Lignin is not present in algae although some sea weeds (Calliarthron cheilosporioides) have found its precursors (proteins/enzymes) or compounds (p-coumaryl) resembling lignin. [134][135][136][137][138] In some cases, one or more of these enzymes were possibly acquired through lateral gene transfer from bacteria and culture as required. The amount of true lignin is negligible in total percentage.…”

Section: Algal Biomass For Biofuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future prospects of delignification pretreatments for the lignocellulosic materials to produce second generation bioethanol

Baig

Turcotte

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Production of bioethanol is winning support from masses because it is a workable choice to solve the problems associated with the fluctuating prices of crude petroleum oil, climatic change, and reducing non‐renewable fuel reserves. First‐generation biofuels are produced directly from food crops. The biofuel (bioethanol, biodiesel) is ultimately derived from the starch, sugar, animal fats, and vegetable oil that these crops provide. It is important to note that the structure of the biofuel itself does not change between generations, but rather the source from which the fuel is derived changes. Corn, wheat, and sugar cane are the most commonly used first‐generation bioethanol feed stocks. Lignocellulosic materials are used as a feed stock for the production of second‐generation bioethanol. The major production steps are (1) delignification, (2) depolymerisation, and (3) fermentation. Agricultural residues are waste materials produced through the processing of agricultural crops. The main reason to use of these agricultural residues to produce bioethanol is to convert waste to value added products. The main challenges are the low yield of the cellulosic hydrolysis process due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose with cellulose. Pretreatments of lignocellulosic materials to remove lignin and hemicellulose are the techniques used to enhance the hydrolysis. Present review article comprehensively discusses the different pretreatment methods of delignification for ethanol production. Published literature on pretreatments from 1982 to 2018 has been studied. Perspectives, gaps in studies, and recommendations are given to fully describe implementation of eight prominent pretreatments (milling, pyrolysis, organic solvents, steam explosion, hot water treatments, ozonolysis, enzymatic delignification, and genetic modification) for future research. The energy and environmental features of lignocellulosic materials are elaborated to show a sustainable aspect of second‐generation biofuel. It was felt necessary to discuss the concept of bio refinery to make biofuel production financially more attractive as well because the future prospects of second‐generation biofuel are promising.

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“…On the other hand, third generation biofuels are obtained from aquatic biomass such as macro and micro algae, as well as fish residues [17][18][19]. Third generation biofuels present certain advantages over first and second biofuels, such is the case of microalgae which harvesting cycle is shorter than traditional crops, allowing higher yields due to several harvests through the year [20,21].…”

Section: Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In laboratory scale, a simplified equation is used to determine the gas holdup, which relates the aerated liquid height (h al ) with the original height (h ol ) (see equation (19)). (19) Equations (21) to (29) present a summary of mathematical expressions that are frequently used to determine the gas hold up in bubble column and airlift bioreactors, according to different variables indicated in Table 3. Specifically, equation (21) expresses gas hold up as an empirical relation between the volume of the liquid and the power input due to gas [153].…”

Section: Gas Holdupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioreactor design for enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass under the biorefinery concept

Pino

Rodríguez-Jasso

Michelin

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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160

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The dependence on non-renewable resources, particularly fossil fuels, has awaken a growing interest in research of sustainable alternative energy sources, such as bioethanol. The production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials comprises three main stages, starting with a pretreatment, followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis step where fermentable sugars are obtained for the final fermentation process. Enzymatic hydrolysis represents an essential step in the bioethanol production, however there are some limitations in it that hinders the process to be economically feasible. Different strategies have been studied to overcome these limitations, including the enzyme recycling and the utilization of high solids concentrations. Several investigations have been carried out in different bioreactor configurations with the aim to obtain higher yields of glucose in the enzymatic hydrolysis stage; however, the commonest are Stirred Tank Bioreactors (STBR) and Membrane Bioreactors (MBR). In general, the key criteria for a bioreactor design include adequate mass transfer, low shear stress, and efficient mixing that allows the appropriated interaction between the substrate and the enzyme. Therefore, this review will address the main aspects to be considered for a bioreactor design, as well as, the operational conditions, some characteristics and mode of operating strategies of the two main bioreactors used in the enzymatic hydrolysis stage. Moreover, two types of pneumatically agitated bioreactors, namely bubble column and gas-lift bioreactors, are discussed as promising alternatives to develop enzymatic saccharification due to their low energy consumption compared with STBR.

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Microalgal biomass pretreatment for bioethanol production: a review

Cited by 169 publications

References 48 publications

Enzymatic hydrolysis of biologically pretreated sorghum husk for bioethanol production

Enzymatic hydrolysis of biologically pretreated sorghum husk for bioethanol production

Future prospects of delignification pretreatments for the lignocellulosic materials to produce second generation bioethanol

Bioreactor design for enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass under the biorefinery concept

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