Microalgae as feed ingredients: recent developments on their role in immunomodulation and gut microbiota of aquaculture species

Sagaram, Uma Shankar; Gaikwad, Mahadev; Nandru, Rajesh; Dasgupta, Santanu

doi:10.1093/femsle/fnab071

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The gut microbiota of farmed fish has recently become one of the most studied topics in aquaculture research due to the recognized importance of the intestinal bacterial communities to fish health and physiology (Egerton et al, 2018). Although nutrients are known to play a crucial role in modulating the intestine microbiota and algae have been extensively studied in recent years as novel feed ingredients and additives for farmed fish (Hua et al, 2019), the knowledge about the impact of macroand microalgae on the composition of the intestinal bacteria of fish is still limited (Cerezuela et al, 2012;Rico et al, 2016;Jorge et al, 2019;Keating et al, 2021;Sagaram et al, 2021;Cerezo et al, 2022). In the present study we evaluated the ability of the macroalga G. gracilis and the microalga N. oceanica, and a mix of these two algae, to modulate the gut bacterial profile of European seabass, a widely farmed fish species in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core research on dietary modulation of fish gut microbiota has been undertaken to reveal the effect of either probiotics and prebiotics or dietary proteins and lipids (Egerton et al, 2018;Peŕez-Pascual et al, 2020;Vargas-Albores et al, 2021). Studies that evaluated the changes in intestinal microbiota of farmed fish fed algae-supplemented diets have also emerged more recently (Keating et al, 2021;Sagaram et al, 2021). Other studies have focused on the impact of algae as feed ingredients (replaced fish meal/fish oil) (Rico et al, 2016;Lyons et al, 2017; or feed additives (Jorge et al, 2019;Cerezo et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gracilaria gracilis and Nannochloropsis oceanica, singly or in combination, in diets alter the intestinal microbiota of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Ferreira

Abdelhafiz²,

Abreu³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Algae feeds and fish gut microbiota have been given importance in the past few years because of the necessity to rely on sustainable ingredients in aquafeeds and the link of host-associated microbes to organismal health. But little is known about the potential of algae, particularly of micro- and macroalgae combination, to shape the intestinal bacterial communities. Hence, in the present work, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique was employed to unravel the effects of the seaweed Gracilaria gracilis and the microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica - included either singly or in combination in the diets of European seabass - on the diversities and composition of the gut bacterial communities. Results indicated that 8% inclusion of either G. gracilis (GRA) or N. oceanica (NAN) led to a reduction in the gut microbial diversity. On the other hand, inclusion of the micro- and macroalga in a blend (NANGRA) mitigated these plausible effects on the intestinal bacterial communities. The core microbiota of European seabass was composed of both beneficial (Lactobacillus and Cetobacterium) and potentially pathogenic (Flavobacterium) bacteria. The GRA diet was associated with a lower abundance of carbohydrate degraders and also promoted the growth of bacteria capable of outcompeting fish pathogens (Sulfitobacter and Methylobacterium). On the other hand, the NAN diet led to a higher representation of the genus Bacillus, with probiotic potential, accompanied by a decrease in Vibrio, a genus encompassing several fish pathogenic species. These findings demonstrate the ability of micro- and macroalgae to modulate the gut microbiota of European seabass, with plausible implications to host gut homeostasis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gracilaria gracilis and Nannochloropsis oceanica, singly or in combination, in diets alter the intestinal microbiota of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Ferreira

Abdelhafiz²,

Abreu³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been demonstrated that dietary change affects gut microbiota associated with host animals' health such as nutrition and immunity function (Kononova et al, 2019;Rackerby et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020). A review by Sagaram et al (2021) mainly summarized recent developments on the role of microalgae as feed ingredients in the growth and immunomodulation of aquatic species as well as the gut microbiota. Only a very small minority of studies underlined an understanding of the intestinal microbiome of fish receiving microalgae diets and suggested the promotion of beneficial gut microbiota (Sagaram et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review by Sagaram et al (2021) mainly summarized recent developments on the role of microalgae as feed ingredients in the growth and immunomodulation of aquatic species as well as the gut microbiota. Only a very small minority of studies underlined an understanding of the intestinal microbiome of fish receiving microalgae diets and suggested the promotion of beneficial gut microbiota (Sagaram et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High replacement of fishmeal by Chlorella meal affects intestinal microbiota and the potential metabolic function in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microalgae have beneficial effects on the performance of fish as additives and they are becoming a promising alternative to fishmeal as macronutrient ingredients. However, the impact on the fish intestinal microbiome and the function, caused by microalgae as protein sources in diets, remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the composition and potential function of the intestinal microbial community of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed diets at five replacement levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of fishmeal by Chlorella meal in a basal diet (400 g kg−1) after 8 weeks. The results showed significant decreases in unique amplicon sequence variants in the intestine at the higher levels of fishmeal replacement. At 50% of fishmeal replacement, dietary inclusions of Chlorella meal had no impact on species richness and Shannon diversity and the community structure of the intestinal microbiota. However, high levels of fishmeal replacement (75 and 100%) significantly induced intestinal community disturbance and diversity loss in largemouth bass. Responding to the high fishmeal replacement level, the dominant genus Cetobacterium and Pleslomonas sharply increased and several taxa from Lactobacillus decreased significantly. Functional data predicted by PICRUSt revealed that nutrition-related metabolism was dominant in the intestinal microbiota of fish fed all the five diets, although some potential functions, particularly amino acid and lipid metabolisms, and energy metabolism, were upregulated firstly, and then downregulated in fish fed diets with the increase of dietary Chlorella meal. Meanwhile, certain pathways were not enriched in intestinal microbiome until up to 75% of fishmeal replacement, such as carbohydrate metabolism, and cofactors and vitamins metabolism. To conclude, this study reveals that fishmeal replacement (50%) by Chlorella meal at the level of 237 g kg−1 in diets is feasible for largemouth bass without impairing the microbiome structure and the metabolism function, providing an alternative strategy for evaluating the possibility of fishmeal replacement by microalgae in aquafeeds.

show abstract

“…For their properties, microphytes have been suggested to be a promising sustainable alternative to traditional animal feed resources and a possible health-promoting ingredient both in human diet [ 15 , 17 ] and animal feeds [ 19 ], particularly in livestock and poultry feed industry [ 20 , 21 ], and in the aquaculture field [ 22 , 23 ]. However, microalgae supplementation requires a clear understanding of their effects on the intestinal microbiota and bacterial metabolome of the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effects of Edible Microalgae in a Canine Gut Model

Delsante

Pinna

Sportelli

et al. 2022

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microalgae are a source of bioactive compounds having recently been studied for their possible application as health-promoting ingredients. The aim of the study was to evaluate in an in vitro canine gut model the effects of four microalgae, Arthrospira platensis (AP), Haematococcus pluvialis (HP), Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) and Chlorella vulgaris (CV), on some fecal microbial populations and metabolites. The four microalgae were subjected to an in vitro digestion procedure, and subsequently, the digested biomass underwent colonic in vitro fermentation. After 6 h of incubation, PT increased propionate (+36%) and butyrate (+24%), and decreased total BCFA (−47%), isobutyrate (−52%) and isovalerate (−43%) and C. hiranonis (−0.46 log10 copies/75 ng DNA). After 24 h, PT increased propionate (+21%) and isovalerate (+10%), and decreased the abundance of Turicibacter spp. (7.18 vs. 6.69 and 6.56 log10 copies/75 ng DNA for CTRL vs. PT, respectively); moreover, after 24 h, CV decreased C. coccoides (−1.12 log10 copies/75 ng DNA) and Enterococcus spp. (−0.37 log10 copies/75 ng DNA). In conclusion, the microbial saccharolytic activities and the shift in fecal bacterial composition were less pronounced than expected, based on current literature. This study should be considered as a preliminary assessment, and future investigations are required to better understand the role of microalgae in canine nutrition.

show abstract

Microalgae as feed ingredients: recent developments on their role in immunomodulation and gut microbiota of aquaculture species

Cited by 22 publications

References 102 publications

Gracilaria gracilis and Nannochloropsis oceanica, singly or in combination, in diets alter the intestinal microbiota of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Gracilaria gracilis and Nannochloropsis oceanica, singly or in combination, in diets alter the intestinal microbiota of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

High replacement of fishmeal by Chlorella meal affects intestinal microbiota and the potential metabolic function in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Assessment of the Effects of Edible Microalgae in a Canine Gut Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About