Micro-structured fiber Bragg gratings. Part II: Towards advanced photonic devices

Cusano, A.; Iadicicco, Agostino; Paladino, Domenico; Campopiano, Stefania; Cutolo, A.; Giordano, M.

doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2006.10.010

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…6, the angle Φ 2 values of refraction of the MDMO-PPV decrease sharply with increasing photon energy until about 2.38 eV, then they change very little with increasing photon energy and increase with decreasing molarity. Similarly, the Φ 2 values of the MDMO-PPV are close to the Φ 2 values of some materials in the literature [41,42,44]. Also, the angle Φ 1 values of incidence of the solutions of the MDMO-PPV polymer are higher than the angle Φ 2 values of refraction.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…6, the angle Φ 1 values of incidence of the MDMO-PPV polymer increase with increasing photon energy until about 2.38 eV, then they change very little with increasing photon energy and decrease with decreasing molarity. The Φ 1 values of the MDMO-PPV polymer are close to incidence values of some materials in the literature [41][42][43][44]. Similarly, the angle of refraction is calculated from well-known Snell's law [45]:…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…This result is in agreement with literature values (2.15 eV for chloroform and 2.12 eV for toluene) [25]. Refractive index (n) is one of the fundamental properties for an optical material, because it is closely related to the electronic polarizability of ions and the local field inside materials [54,55], and it is an important parameter for optical, optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications, because high refractive index (n) thin film materials (typically [1.65) [56] are generally used to improve the performance of optical and photovoltaic devices in many technologies such as solar cells [41], Bragg gratings [44], photonic crystals [57] and waveguide-based optical circuits [58]. The complex optical refractive index is expressed as,…”

Section: The Effects On Optical Parameters Of the Mdmo-ppv Polymer Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] light-emitting polymer solutions: effects of molarities and solvents

Gündüz

2015

Polym. Bull.

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The optical properties of the solutions of the MDMO-PPV light-emitting polymer were investigated. The maximum mass extinction coefficient values of the solutions of the MDMO-PPV for 6.640 and 3.014 µM were found to be 20.874 and 42.009 L g −1 cm −1 , respectively. The absorption band edge values of the solutions of the MDMO-PPV shifted from 2.149 to 1.987 eV with increasing molarity. To obtain lower E g values (2.020, 2.057, 2.083, 2.088 and 2.103 eV, respectively) of the MDMO-PPV can be preferred xylene, toluene, chlorobenzene, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran solvents, respectively. The E g of the solution of the MDMO-PPV was decreased with molarities and solvents. The refractive index values of the MDMO-PPV were controlled with various solvents. The optical parameters such as single oscillator energy, dispersion energy, M −1 , M −3 moments, optical oscillator strengths, linear static refractive index, optical linear susceptibility, third-order nonlinear susceptibility and nonlinear refractive index were calculated using Wemple-DiDomenico equation. The highest contrast was obtained with xylene, while the lowest contrast was obtained with chlorobenzene. The MDMO-PPV can be used in the fabrication of the metal-semiconductor contacts due to low optical band gap and suitable optical parameters. Also, the surface morphology properties of the MDMO-PPV polymer film were investigated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: The Effects On Optical Parameters Of the Mdmo-ppv Polymer Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] light-emitting polymer solutions: effects of molarities and solvents

Gündüz

2015

Polym. Bull.

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“…Many technologies in photonics use high refractive index thin film materials (typically >1.65) to improve the performance of optical devices such as Brag gratings [1], waveguide-based optical circuits [2], and photonic crystals [3]. In photovoltaic applications, anti-reflection coatings comprising high refractive index thin films are used in solar cells to trap the incident light and increase the amount of light coupled into the solar cell [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of high refractive index thin films processed at low-temperature

et al. 2012

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a b s t r a c tThis study reports on the first development of high refractive index thin film materials processed at temperatures not greater than 100°C. Three materials were synthesised by the sol-gel technique, each employing different transition metal precursors (niobium, tantalum and vanadium alkoxides). The optical properties of these materials were characterised by ellipsometry and the propagation losses at 638 nm were measured by the prism coupling method. It is shown that refractive indices as high as 1.870, 2.039 and 2.308 are obtained from niobium-, tantalum-and vanadium-based materials respectively, attributed to the influence of the transition metal atomic size on the condensation reactions.

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“…Similar to the Fabry-Perot (F-P) effect, the wavelengths that meet the resonance condition of F-P cavity can pass through the grating. The passband that appears in the stopband in the reflection spectrum can be seen as the etched region of the grating, which results in phase delay [9,10] . Based on the F-P theory, the phase shift is given as…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous temperature and refractive index measurement of liquid using a local micro-structured f iber Bragg grating

Cao¹,

Yang²,

Yang³

et al. 2012

中国光学快报

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An alternative solution for the simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index is presented. A local micro-structured fiber Bragg grating (LMSFBG) is formed as the sensing head, in which a standard grating is etched by HF. According to the phase shift theory, the main spectral change of the LMSFBG is the formation of a narrow allowed band, which is strongly dependent on the etching features and the surrounding refractive index. As such, the temperature and refractive index measurements can be achieved by the shifts of the double peaks and narrow allowed band, and their fitting linearity coefficients are 0.996 and 0.994, respectively. Thus, the reflection and transmission peaks of the LMSFBG have a good linear relationship with temperature and refractive index.OCIS codes: 060.2270060. , 060.2280060. , 060.2370060. , 060.2390 Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has been widely used in various industries due to its small size, ease of integration, anti-electromagnetic interference, and ability to achieve sensing information by wavelength encoding [1] . FBG also has practical applications in optical communication systems and optical sensors, such as filter devices and dualparameter measurement sensors [2−5] . Recently, the devices based on the structure of the photonic band gap, such as phase shift grating (PSG), have attracted increasing attention. PSG has a special structure, which allows lights in different frequencies to pass through the reflection peak. In 2005, Cusano et al. made the first local micro-structured FBG (LMSFBG) [6] , in which the FBG clad was etched partly, thus producing a non-periodic distribution structure. Therefore, a passband in the stopband came into being similar to PSG. The passband is influenced by three factors: the length of perturbation, the depth of perturbation, and surrounding refractive index (SRI). Unlike PSG, the passband can be changed by SRI. Thus, LMSFBG has a unique advantage and a higher application value in sensing and communication, because the gratings show higher sensitivity. Moreover, a special filter characteristic makes the formation of a new type of active, passive optical devices possible [7,8] . In this letter, a sensor probe is fabricated by wet chemical etching; this probe can measure the temperature and refractive indics of liquid simultaneously. In addition, it is low-cost and has a high-resolution refractive index according to the experimental results.According to the coupled mode theory, when the FBG satisfies the phase condition, the reflected wavelength λ B can be expressed aswhere n eff is the effective refractive index, and Λ is the FBG period. However, the clad of the grating inhibits most of the evanescent waves within the core, and only a small part can pass out interacting with outside material. Therefore, FBG is not sensitive to the surrounding materials (e.g., refractive index, etc.). According to the optical waveguide theory, the effective refractive indics of guided modes vary depending on the different clad diameters. This means that, as t...

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Micro-structured fiber Bragg gratings. Part II: Towards advanced photonic devices

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] light-emitting polymer solutions: effects of molarities and solvents

Optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] light-emitting polymer solutions: effects of molarities and solvents

Optical properties of high refractive index thin films processed at low-temperature

Simultaneous temperature and refractive index measurement of liquid using a local micro-structured f iber Bragg grating

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