Micro-Segregation of Ethnic Minorities in Rome: Highlighting Specificities of National Groups in Micro-Segregated Areas

Abstract

This paper aims to study ethnic micro-segregation in Rome, namely, high residential concentrations of ethnic groups at the micro-area level within neighbourhoods with low concentrations of these groups, with a focus on specific situations of spatial inequality often overlooked in the debate. The Italian capital is one of the five most populous cities in the European Union and a multi-ethnic metropolis with relatively low levels of segregation. It is an urban context that has been little studied, partly due to the lack of reliable and granular data. This work is based on unpublished individual data from the 2020 population register, disaggregated into 155 neighbourhoods and 13,656 census tracts with average populations of about 18,000 and 200 residents, respectively. The five minority groups considered, Bangladeshis, Chinese, Filipinos, Romanians, and migrants from developed economy countries (DECs), add up to 55% of the total foreign residents and show different settlement patterns. The concept of micro-segregated area (MSA) is central to the scope of the analysis. An MSA is a census tract that shows a strong over-representation of a specific ethnic group despite being located within a neighbourhood where that group is under-represented. MSAs can be considered ‘interstitial’ micro-areas embedded in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods. Descriptive analysis based on location quotient (LQ) mapping and bivariate logistic models is developed to highlight (a) differences in the settlement patterns of minority ethnic groups; (b) differences in the micro-segregation of minority ethnic groups in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, settlement location, and socioeconomic status; and (c) the particular characteristics of minority ethnic groups underlying these differences. The findings indicate that differences in settlement patterns can be related to the interplay between real estate constraints and labour market specialisation. National specificities in micro-segregation are mainly linked to length of stay, but the models of the Asian groups do not offer any empirical support for the spatial assimilation hypothesis, unlike those of Romanians and DECs citizens. Further development of this research will aim to explore segregation patterns and motivations to move to MSAs using a mixed method approach.

Safety Perceptions and Micro-Segregation: Exploring Gated- and Non-Gated-Community Dynamics in Quetta, Pakistan

“…Gated communities have become the favored choice for many homebuyers, both on a global scale and within local contexts [30]. One of the factors is socio-economic level, which is contributing to the formation of gated communities as micro-segregation, and it gives information about the different behaviors of people through the specific location of the micro-area [31]. Moreover, Morgan [32] identified the factors causing the emergence of gated communities as micro-segregated areas, include socioeconomic and demographic segmentation, political integration and a desire for prestigious lifestyle and high security.…”

Arrival Infrastructures: Segregation of Displaced Migrants and Processes of Urban Change in Athens

“…Increased homeownership combined with lack of social housing resulted in the cohabitation of upper middle classes with low-income households, and Greeks with foreigners in one single building [42][43][44]. Recently, numerous projects placed vertical segregation in the spotlight, questioning micro-segregation in different social and ethnic contexts [45][46][47][48][49].…”

Intra‐urban residential mobility and segregation of foreigners in Rome

“…Now, Rome is a place of attraction for international migrants. Indeed, Rome is a multi-ethnic metropolis where new migrant groups are combined with other migrants who came earlier in time, resulting in mixed communities and settlement structures (Benassi et al, 2022a;Casacchia et al, 2019;Crisci & Santurro, 2023;Cristaldi, 2002). Over time, the process of migrant settlement process has shown fluctuations, occasionally even abrupt ones, influenced by economic downturns and their effects on real estate and unemployment rates.…”