Micro‐CT observation of angiogenesis in bone regeneration

Abstract

Angiogenesis preceded bone regeneration around critical- and non-critical-sized calvarial bone defects. Angiogenesis led to full bone formation in non-critical-sized defects.

Superior Angiogenic Potential of GDF-5 and GDF-5V453/V456 Compared with BMP-2 in a Rabbit Long-Bone Defect Model

“…those of Udagawa et al, which revealed a correlation of angiogenesis and reossification in calvarial defects, thereby demonstrating that vascularization precedes bone formation 33 . In contrast, the lower blood vessel formation seen with BMP-2 may be the reason for the resulting formation of dense and woven callus without a marrow cavity.…”

Flapless Piezotome-Enhanced Vertical Alveolar Crest-Split and Horizontal Distraction of Alveolar Crests (FPeCSWT) of Less than 2 mm Width: Results of a Prospective Comparative 3-Year Clinical Multicenter-Study with 239 Patients, 261 Crest-Split Sites and 488 Inserted Dental Implants

“…Nevertheless, vertical alveolar crest-splitting and horizontal distraction in its use to restore a sufficient width of the lateral atrophic alveolar crest for dental implant placement mostly creates a distraction gap of 3 -4 mm which is above the threshold of a non-critical size defect (2.7 mm) and closer to a critical-size defect (5 mm and more) [27] with reduced and prolonged bone healing of the fracture gap and increased crestal resorptions when a full-thickness mucoperiostal flap is prepared to access the surgical site [17]. By the detachment of the periosteum from the bone the physiologic unity of the PSE-structural continuum is interrupted as well as the bloodperfusion to the sparse vascularized atrophic alveolar crest obstructing the natural function of the periosteum [28] [29] and leading to significant resorptions of the distracted buccal bone-plate [30] comparable to the physiology of bone healing in a tooth-extraction site treated with alveolar-ridge preservation-techniques [31].…”

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on angiogenesis and bone regeneration in non-critical-size bone defects in rat calvaria

“…Non-critical-size bone defects close spontaneously and are repairable. Udagawa et al (13) analyzed angiogenesis-driven bone repair in both critical-size and non-critical-size defects and suggested that capillary bed formation is important in understanding the difference in bone regeneration between critical-size and non-criticalsize bone defects. The present study showed that new blood vessels began to appear around the edges of bone defects on day 7 after surgery in the FGF-2 groups.…”