Micro RNAs as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Liver Diseases

Latief, Uzma; Tung, Gurleen Kaur; Per, Tasir S.; Kaur, Manjot; Thakur, Shubham; Singh, Harjeet; Jain, Subheet Kumar

doi:10.2174/1389203723666220721122240

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…Researchers are searching for circulating microRNAs for diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in various liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC [ 96 ]. Dysregulated microRNA expression and protein production are crucial to cancer initiation and malignant progression in some cancers.…”

Section: Other Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Panettieri,

Campisi,

De Rose

et al. 2024

Cancers

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In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver resection is potentially curative. Nevertheless, post-operative recurrence is common, occurring in up to 70% of patients. Factors traditionally recognized to predict recurrence and survival after liver resection for HCC include pathologic factors (i.e., microvascular and capsular invasion) and an increase in alpha-fetoprotein level. During the past decade, many new markers have been reported to correlate with prognosis after resection of HCC: liquid biopsy markers, gene signatures, inflammation markers, and other biomarkers, including PIVKA-II, immune checkpoint molecules, and proteins in urinary exosomes. However, not all of these new markers are readily available in clinical practice, and their reproducibility is unclear. Liquid biopsy is a powerful and established tool for predicting long-term outcomes after resection of HCC; the main limitation of liquid biopsy is represented by the cost related to its technical implementation. Numerous patterns of genetic expression capable of predicting survival after curative-intent hepatectomy for HCC have been identified, but published findings regarding these markers are heterogenous. Inflammation markers in the form of prognostic nutritional index and different blood cell ratios seem more easily reproducible and more affordable on a large scale than other emerging markers. To select the most effective treatment for patients with HCC, it is crucial that the scientific community validate new predictive markers for recurrence and survival after resection that are reliable and widely reproducible. More reports from Western countries are necessary to corroborate the evidence.

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Section: Other Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Panettieri,

Campisi,

De Rose

et al. 2024

Cancers

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show abstract

“…4 Moreover, micro-RNAs, nano-medicine, and immunotherapy are also the existing therapeutic strategies for patients with HCV infections. [5][6][7] Hence, moving forward existing treatments and creating unused antiviral drugs with higher treatment adequacy and more favorable side-effect profiles are of extraordinary clinical pertinence and importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various host amino acids that are critical in the viral life cycle and that control the host immune system and other cellular processes are the targets of HTAs 4 . Moreover, micro‐RNAs, nano‐medicine, and immunotherapy are also the existing therapeutic strategies for patients with HCV infections 5–7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic strategies and promising vaccine for hepatitis C virus infection

Adugna

2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a significant global health problem despite therapeutic advancements. Ribavirin and interferon therapy have been the sole available treatments for HCV infection for a number of years with low efficacy. Thus, currently, a number of therapeutic strategies are being used, including nanoparticles (NPs), micro‐RNAs such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), RNAi‐based gene silencing and antisense oligonucleotide‐based microRNA‐122, microRNA‐155, and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), and immunotherapeutic approaches such as anti‐programmed cell death 1(PD‐1), monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb), and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (Mo‐DCs). Furthermore, direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) and host‐targeting agents (HTA) were also the current therapeutic approaches with great efficacy. In spite of different clinical trials on HCV vaccine developments, nowadays there is no effective HCV vaccine in opposition to virus due to various challenges including genetic diversity, lack of immunocompetent small animal models, shortage of HCV vaccination testing alternatives, lack of an effective tissue culture method for replicating HCV, and inadequate knowledge regarding to immune responses against HCV infection. Nowadays, mRNA vaccine, recombinant viral vector, peptides vaccine, virus‐like particles, DNA vaccine, rational designed vaccine, and recombinant polyantigenic T‐cell‐based vaccine are novel promising candidates for HCV vaccine based on various clinical trials. This review summarizes the different therapeutic approaches and the advancements of vaccine candidates for HCV infection.

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The dynamics of microRNAs level associated with pathological venous angiogenesis in experimental toxic liver fibrosis in rats

Lebedeva,

Babenka,

Shchastniy

2024

Genes & Cells

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BACKGROUND: It is known that miRNAs are important in liver fibrogenesis. Studies regarding the role of miRNAs in pathological angiogenesis and sinusoid capillarization are insufficient. AIM: to study the molecular targets (miRNAs and mRNAs) dynamics of associated with pathological angiogenesis in toxic fibrosis of the liver; to evaluate the relationship of the selected molecular factors to the processes of restructuring the intrahepatic vascular system. METHODS: Fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis of the liver in rats of the Wistar line (males) were induced for 17 weeks by a freshly prepared solution of thioacetamide. The level of miRNA-19а-3р, miRNA-29b-3р, miRNA-29b-1-5p, miRNA-34b-5р, miRNA-125b-5р, miRNA-130a-5p, miRNA-195-5р, miRNA-449а-5р, miRNA-449с-5р, miRNA-466d, miRNA-489-3р, miRNA-495, miRNA-664-3р, miRNA-3085, miRNA-3558-3р in fresh frozen liver samples, was determined by Two-tailed RT-qPCR. RESULTS: A change in the profile of targeted miRNAs was established during the initiation and progression of toxic fibrosis. The statistically significant decrease in the level of the miRNA-195-5p and miRNA-664-3p is registered compared to the control point 3 weeks of the experiment, as well as a symmetrical decrease in the level of Vegfa and Ang genes. An increase in the amount of veins is associated with a decrease in the level of miRNA-3585-3p and mRNA Cxcl12, as well as an increase in the area of cells CK19+ in the bile ducts. CONCLUSION: A joint analysis of morphological and molecular parameters allowed us to suggest that pathological angiogenesis in the toxic model of fibrosis does not proceed the same for arteries, veins and sinusoids. At the same time, Vegfa is probably involved in venous angiogenesis. Despite the decrease in the mRNA level compared to the control point, starting at the stage of portal fibrosis (3 weeks of experiment), its partial recovery, statistically significant increase and correlation with an increase in the amount of veins is observed. Perhaps, against the background of general depression of the synthesis of mRNA with the development of toxic fibrosis, the level of the Vegfa mRNA remains sufficient to stimulate pathological venous angiogenesis. The dynamics of mRNA Ang can be associated with the angiogenesis of the arteries and the capillarization of sinusoids.

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Micro RNAs as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Liver Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 172 publications

Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Therapeutic strategies and promising vaccine for hepatitis C virus infection

The dynamics of microRNAs level associated with pathological venous angiogenesis in experimental toxic liver fibrosis in rats

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