Micro-Opening Ridged Waveguide Tumor Hyperthermia Antenna Combined with Microwave-Sensitive MOF Material for Tumor Microwave Hyperthermia Therapy

Abstract

Microwave hyperthermia is an emerging minimally invasive therapy in which thermal damage and apoptosis of tumor cells are induced by local heating of tissues with microwave radiation. Recently, microwave hyperthermia has been widely used in clinical practice; however, uneven aggregation and dispersion of malignant tumors after microwave hyperthermia are the main problems associated with this method. In this work, a microridged waveguide tumor hyperthermia antenna with an operating frequency of 915 MHz was designed. Although its volume is only 6.6 cm 3 , it exhibited a highly focused heating effect, achieving rapid heating in a small area. However, microwave hyperthermia has several shortcomings. Microwaves cannot specifically identify and target tumors; this decreases the efficiency of the treatment if the temperature of the tumor site is not sufficiently high for its size and location. Therefore, Zr metal−organic framework (ZrMOF)-derived composite ZCNC was synthesized using the ultrasonic aerosol flow method, which has good microwave sensitization and biosafety. ZCNC reduced the damage to normal cells and greatly improved the tumor treatment effect of microwave hyperthermia (tumor inhibition rate reached 78.01%). Thus, the proposed strategy effectively improves the current clinical microwave hyperthermia treatment method.

Advancements and Challenges in the Application of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Nanocomposites for Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment

“…As far as medicine is concerned, MOFs not only have a broad application prospect in targeted diagnosis and treatment of tumors but also have a pivotal position and transformation potential in many clinical two disciplines, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and bone science. For example, researchers such as Kai Huang 163 synthesized a metal-organic framework material QCSMOF-Van with curcumin as the substrate and vancomycin and quaternary ammonium chitosan. The composite system was encapsulated in a hydrogel formed by methacrylic anhydride-modified gelatin and methacrylic anhydride-modified sodium alginate oxide by free radical polymerization and Schiff base reaction.…”

“…As delineated in the synthesis of the tripartite treatment paradigms above, employing MOFs as a codelivery platform for a dual-mode or even tri-mode amalgamation of chemotherapy, photodynamic, and photothermal therapies demonstrates superior efficacy in tumor cell destruction compared to monotherapy applications. [162][163][164]…”

A sub 1 GHz ultra miniaturized folded dipole patch antenna for biomedical applications

“…Hyperthermia has been used safely for treating previously treated tumors or regrowth of the tumor cells 9 in which temperature is raised up to 45 C to treat tumor tissues. This treatment method has higher efficacy with fewer side effects in contrast with the traditional treatment methods 10 .…”

Photo-/piezo-activated ultrathin molybdenum disulfide nanomedicine for synergistic tumor therapy

“…Energy-converting nanomedicine, as a forefront cancer therapeutic strategy, is based on the energy conversion in the release, reaction, and/or generation of the therapeutic components for cancer treatment. 3 Nanomaterials tailored with external triggerable properties by non-invasive stimuli such as light, 4 ultrasound, 5,6 electric field, 7 and microwave 8,9 offer an unambiguous method to activate the therapeutic effect with the precisely spatiotemporal controllability without affecting the adjacent healthy tissues. Particularly, light as one of the most accessible, straightforward, and non-invasive extrinsic stimuli has been extensively investigated in energy-converting therapy through the light-involved chemical and physical reactions in a tumor, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy.…”