Micro/nanoscale continuous printing: direct-writing of wavy micro/nano structures via electrospinning

Fang, Feiyu; Du, Zefeng; Zeng, Jun; Zhu, Ziming; Chen, Xin; Chen, Xindu; Lv, Yuanjun; Wang, Han

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/87/1/012018

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…276,[278][279][280][281] Compared with the crack-based electrodes, the gold bridge with a spring-shaped structure can be further stretched with a minimal change in the conductivity because deformability of the twist can be used to accommodate larger strain without obvious physical damage on the conductive stripe (figure 9b). 279,282 Another advantage of this 2D spring shaped design is that the fabrication process can be easily involved in constructing various planar layouts by conventional and well-developed techniques, such as photolithography, 282,283 printing, 96,[284][285][286] direct writing, [287][288][289][290] and so on. As a universal strategy, other conductive materials, including metals, 274,291 metal nanostructures, 292 polymers, 96 carbon materials 285,293,294 and metal oxides, 277 have also been manufactured into this stretchable structure.…”

Section: Structural Pattern Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spring-shaped gold wires with 2D oscillations were fabricated by standard lithography techniques and embedded in PDMS. Compared with traditional straight electrodes, the stretchability of these structural electrodes can reach a relatively high strain, which can be modulated by controlling the geometric parameters of the spring structure, including wire width, amplitude, wavelength, and so on. − Additionally, systematical calculations and simulations of the mechanical properties of this structure have been deeply studied to optimize its ability in accommodating deformations. ,− Compared with the crack-based electrodes, the gold bridge with a spring-shaped structure can be further stretched with a minimal change in the conductivity because deformability of the twist can be used to accommodate a larger strain without obvious physical damage on the conductive stripe (Figure b). , Another advantage of this 2D spring shaped design is that the fabrication process can be easily involved in constructing various planar layouts by conventional and well-developed techniques, such as photolithography, , printing, ,− direct writing, − and so on. As a universal strategy, other conductive materials, including metals, , metal nanostructures, polymers, carbon materials, ,, and metal oxides, have also been manufactured into this stretchable structure.…”

Section: Structural Materials For Accommodating Deformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nature-Inspired Structural Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices

et al. 2017

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Exciting advancements have been made in the field of flexible electronic devices in the last two decades and will certainly lead to a revolution in peoples' lives in the future. However, because of the poor sustainability of the active materials in complex stress environments, new requirements have been adopted for the construction of flexible devices. Thus, hierarchical architectures in natural materials, which have developed various environment-adapted structures and materials through natural selection, can serve as guides to solve the limitations of materials and engineering techniques. This review covers the smart designs of structural materials inspired by natural materials and their utility in the construction of flexible devices. First, we summarize structural materials that accommodate mechanical deformations, which is the fundamental requirement for flexible devices to work properly in complex environments. Second, we discuss the functionalities of flexible devices induced by nature-inspired structural materials, including mechanical sensing, energy harvesting, physically interacting, and so on. Finally, we provide a perspective on newly developed structural materials and their potential applications in future flexible devices, as well as frontier strategies for biomimetic functions. These analyses and summaries are valuable for a systematic understanding of structural materials in electronic devices and will serve as inspirations for smart designs in flexible electronics.

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Section: Structural Pattern Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Materials For Accommodating Deformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Inspired Structural Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices

et al. 2017

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“…This achievement highlighted the potential of short collector distances and opened the possibility of ultra-fast EHD printing. [22,[80][81][82][83][84] Due to the challenges of matching the collector movement with the jet speeds of ultra-fast EHD printing, in 2015, the use of auxiliary electrodes connected to an alternating current was proposed to add new driving forces to affect the jet deposition. [80,82,83] The new setup includes two parallel electrodes placed beside the collector (Figure 1d).…”

Section: Modified Electrodes and Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22,[80][81][82][83][84] Due to the challenges of matching the collector movement with the jet speeds of ultra-fast EHD printing, in 2015, the use of auxiliary electrodes connected to an alternating current was proposed to add new driving forces to affect the jet deposition. [80,82,83] The new setup includes two parallel electrodes placed beside the collector (Figure 1d). It was observed that the frequency, amplitude, and wavelength applied to auxiliary electrodes, effectively define fibers deposition patterns.…”

Section: Modified Electrodes and Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions

Reizabal

Tandon

Lanceros‐Méndez

et al. 2022

Small

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flow rate, nozzle diameter, and collector distance), as well as physicochemical properties of the fluid, induce different EHD effects, each one unique in terms of potential, limitations, and applicability. [7] A schematic showing selected examples of EHD techniques, and a summary grouping their general parameters are provided in Figure 1 and Table 1, respectively.By taking advantage of Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities, electrospraying and drop-on-demand EHD approaches allow particle generation, generally using lowconcentration polymer solutions. Electrospraying allows significant material volume processing but offers limited control in terms of size, shape, and particle placement accuracy (Figure 1a). [26] Drop-on-demand, in contrast, deals with smaller volumes but increases the control over the processed particle and printing resolution (Figure 1b). [27] As described by Taylor in 1969, by preventing Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities through the increase of fluid molecular entanglements, it is possible to achieve a continuous jet. [28,29] In electrospinning, small diameter fibers are achieved by taking advantage of bending or "whipping" instabilities, induced by large surface charge density. The non-woven mats obtained using electrospinning have been of great interest for nanotechnology research, however, accurate fiber deposition is challenging (Figure 1c). [29] In EHD writing (electrowriting [EW]), lower voltages prevent these whipping instabilities, and the EHD phenomenon results in the sustaining of a fluid jet at low flow rates, allowing for accurate control over fiber dimension and deposition (Figure 1e). [28] The control of material placement is a crucial feature for additive manufacturing since this permits the precise deposition of fibers forming 2D layers, which can be repeated to produce highly complex highresolution 3D structures. This becomes even more crucial for biomedicine where a key goal is to mimic the biological environment of native tissue to support and guide cellular growth or understand tissue regeneration mechanisms. [30,31] The use of jet-deflecting auxiliary electrodes allows the control of bending or "whipping" instabilities to achieve the accurate patterning of nanofibers, providing an intermediate approach between electrospinning and EW [32] (Figure 1d).EHD techniques have primarily focused on processing polymeric materials, although metals and ceramics have also been explored. [33,34] Polymeric melts provide a low-toxicity alternative avoiding the use of hazardous solvents, decreasing the material consumption, and reducing processing variables (e.g., evaporation), but have a limited selection of available materials. [35] Solution-based EHD processing can process a wider range of materials, however, commonly used organic solvents are often Among the various electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing techniques, electrowriting (EW) produces the most complex 3D structures. Aqueous solution EW similarly retains the potential for additive manufacturing well-resolved 3D structures, while providing n...

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Micro/nanoscale continuous printing: direct-writing of wavy micro/nano structures via electrospinning

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Nature-Inspired Structural Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices

Nature-Inspired Structural Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices

Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions

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