Micro/Nano Periodic Surface Structures and Performance of Stainless Steel Machined Using Femtosecond Lasers

Abstract

The machining of micro/nano periodic surface structures using a femtosecond laser has been an academic frontier and hotspot in recent years. With an ultrahigh laser fluence and an ultrashort pulse duration, femtosecond laser machining shows unique advantages in material processing. It can process almost any material and can greatly improve the processing accuracy with a minimum machining size and heat-affected zone. Meanwhile, it can fabricate a variety of micro/nano periodic surface structures and then change a material’s surface performance dramatically, such as the material’s wetting performance, corrosive properties, friction properties, and optical properties, demonstrating great application potential in defense, medical, high-end manufacturing, and many other fields. In recent years, the research is gradually deepening from the basic theory to optimization design, intelligent control, and application technology. Nowadays, while focusing on metal structure materials, especially on stainless steel, research institutions in the field of micro and nano manufacturing have conducted systematic and in-depth experimental research using different experimental environments and laser-processing parameters. They have prepared various surface structures with different morphologies and periods with sound performance, and are one step closer to many civilian engineering applications. This paper reviews the study of micro/nano periodic surface structures and the performance of stainless steel machined using a femtosecond laser, obtains the general evolution law of surface structure and performance with the femtosecond laser parameters, points out several key technical challenges for future study, and provides a useful reference for the engineering research and application of femtosecond laser micro/nano processing technology.

Role and Mechanism of a Micro-/Nano-Structured Porous Zirconia Surface in Regulating the Biological Behavior of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…However, these porous surfaces lack nano-scale structures. Various micro–nano-structures on titanium implant surfaces by femtosecond laser, plasma spraying, and micro-milling with chemical treatment have previously been constructed . However, for zirconia implants, methods are relatively limited.…”

Characteristics of Elliptical Vibration-Assisted Cutting with Variations in Tilt Angle of Elliptical Locus

“…It should be noted that the PZTs are energized with the cosine voltages. Thus, the output displacements (y 1 and y 2 ) of the two PZTs can be calculated using Equations ( 4) and (5).…”

“…A large number of applications of these functional structured surfaces in different fields, including optics [ 1 , 2 ], solar energy technology [ 3 ], and measuring systems [ 4 ], provide a challenge for accurate and efficient processing. To overcome this problem, many machining methods have been demonstrated [ 5 , 6 ]. However, there are still various limitations, such as a low processing efficiency, large cutting force, and severe tool wear.…”

Formation and Evolution of Micro/Nano Periodic Ripples on 2205 Stainless Steel Machined by Femtosecond Laser

“…By controlling the experimental environment and processing parameters, various kinds of micro/nano periodic surface structures have been prepared [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Among them, typical ripple structures are a subject of greatest interest.…”

“…The morphology and the spatial periods of the ripples vary with many factors, including the physical and chemical properties of the material itself, the laser physical parameters and the processing parameters [ 23 ]. In this work, we investigated the effects of pulse numbers on surface morphology changes in stainless steel.…”