“…Later in 2011–12, Gulay and co-authors reported the monoclinic phase at room temperature [ 9 ], and Liu and co-workers cubic anti-fluorite Cu 2 Se structure at 450 K [ 10 ]. The Cu 2 Se preparation methods as a solvothermal [ 11 ], hydrothermal [ 12 , 13 ], microwave-assisted hydrothermal method [ 14 , 15 ], electrodeposition [ 16 ], chemical bath deposition [ 17 ], chemical synthesis reduction [ 18 , 19 ], thermal evaporation [ 20 ], magnetron sputtering [ 21 ], solid-state reaction with pulsed laser deposition [ 22 ], microwave heating [ 23 ], and classical melting, annealing or sintering [ 24 – 26 ] were used in the last 10 years. However, most of these methods of Cu 2 Se preparation needed expensive equipment or a complicated post-treatment process.…”