Micro-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for the analysis of antineoplastic drugs from wipe samples

Abstract

A fast quantification method for the determination of 11 antineoplastic drugs from wipe samples was developed using micro-scale liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry. The extraction efficiency from the wipes has been investigated using different extraction solvents. The results indicate that a mixture of 70/30 water/isopropanol (v/v) acidified with 0.1 % formic acid is suitable to desorb the antineoplastic drugs with sufficient recovery between 80 and 120 %. Compared to conventional liquid chromatography, the total analysis time can be reduced to 2.25 min using a 50 × 0.3 mm column at a flow rate of 25 μL min. Ion source parameters as well as the injection volume were optimized to ensure the highest sensitivity. The results of method validation showed an instrumental limit of quantification between 0.0068 and 0.0488 ng mL using an injection volume of 4.25 μL estimated by the signal to noise ratio. Moreover, the retention time repeatability was determined with a maximum relative standard deviation of 0.4 %. Graphical abstract Micro-LC-MS/MS separation of 11 antineoplastic drugs from wipe samples.

Cytostatics in Indoor Environment: An Update of Analytical Methods

“…From the aforementioned search, 18 articles were categorized as analytical methods: 16 for surface contamination [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and two for air contamination [26,27]. The other two articles will not be further examined here as they refer to non-analytical methods for surface contamination assessment [28,29].…”

“…Some also based their choice on IARC classification [10,19,25], on partner hospital's practice [10,13,25] and whether there existed previous studies or documented toxicity regarding proposed cytostatics [10,11]. Still, three articles did not provide any rationale for their choices [17,18,24]. Table 1 also presents the chemical structures of the mentioned analytes.…”

“…As can be seen in Table 2, three main sampling devices have been used to extract cytostatics from surfaces: wipes/tissues [11,16,18,20,23], cellulose filter papers [10,14,17,19,22,23,25], and swabs [14,21,22,24].…”

“…Regarding the wipes/tissues, the brands are indicated (KIMTECH Science Precision [18,20,23], Kleenex [11], and STS Medical Group Luigi Salvadori [16]), but the product details (e.g., composition, grammage) are not specified. Moreover, recoveries of cytostatics from surfaces are barely reported, making the comparison between wipes/tissues impossible in terms of removal efficacy.…”

“…The nature, the composition and the amount of wetting solution has a strong effect on the global recovery of cytostatics. The wetting solution must be suitable for sampling both polar and nonpolar compounds from surfaces (cytostatics have a wide range of log D, i.e., the water:octanol partition coefficient at a specific pH), ensuring a sufficient transfer of cytostatics from surface into the sampling device [18]. Furthermore, this solution is directly in contact with the sampled surface made of different materials and must not alter them.…”