Micro electrostatic energy harvester with both broad bandwidth and high normalized power density

Zhang, Yulong; Wang, Tianyang; Luo, Anxin; Hu, Yushen; Li, Xinxin; Wang, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.053

Cited by 349 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Electronics 2019, 8,1526 15 of 18 the output voltage of the device gradually decreases slightly during the first one hour (Figure 13c, but remains relatively stable during the last four hours. This may be because during the vibrating operation of the device, the stiffness and sizes of the PDMS microstructures initially change slightly due to impact between triboelectric layers, but then gradually stabilize.…”

Section: The Application Of Fabricated Vtengmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical vibration energy, as compared with other kinds of existing energy sources, is the most ubiquitous and popular in our daily life [5]. With the help of electromechanical mechanisms, including piezoelectric [6,7], electrostatic [8,9], electromagnetic [10,11], and triboelectric [12][13][14][15][16], wasted mechanical energy from vibrations is transformed into useful electrical power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Cantilever-Based Vibration Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Low-Frequency and Broadband Operation

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Electronics

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With the continual increasing application requirements of broadband vibration energy harvesters (VEHs), many attempts have been made to broaden the bandwidth. As compared to adopted only a single approach, integration of multi-approaches can further widen the operating bandwidth. Here, a novel two-degree-of-freedom cantilever-based vibration triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed to obtain high operating bandwidth by integrating multimodal harvesting technique and inherent nonlinearity broadening behavior due to vibration contact between triboelectric surfaces. A wide operating bandwidth of 32.9 Hz is observed even at a low acceleration of 0.6 g. Meanwhile, the peak output voltage is 18.8 V at the primary resonant frequency of 23 Hz and 1 g, while the output voltage is 14.9 V at the secondary frequency of 75 Hz and 2.5 g. Under the frequencies of these two modes at 1 g, maximum peak power of 43.08 µW and 12.5 µW are achieved, respectively. Additionally, the fabricated device shows good stability, reaching and maintaining its voltage at 8 V when tested on a vacuum compression pump. The experimental results demonstrate the device has the ability to harvest energy from a wide range of low-frequency (<100 Hz) vibrations and has broad application prospects in self-powered electronic devices and systems.Currently, most vibrational energy harvesters (VEHs) are usually designed as resonance systems for higher power output. However, one of the main problems for VEHs with the resonant behavior is the narrow operating bandwidth. Thus, when operated under irregular mechanical vibration sources with low and variable frequencies, most VEHs yield very low and irregular output power, which lowers their practical application possibilities.To solve the problem of narrow bandwidth, many researchers have demonstrated some broadband harvesters by applying multimodal harvesting technique [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Multimodal energy harvesters are considered more efficient in matching multiple frequencies to better utilize kinetic energy. Sari et al. [17], Liu et al. [18], and Qi et al. [19] reported the use of multiple cantilevers or a cantilever array as one solution to increase the bandwidth. However, this type of energy harvester has the disadvantage of being bulky and complex in structure, thus overshadowing its advantages in broadband behavior. Another multimodal system was developed with multiple bending modes in a continuous beam, rather than using arrays of cantilevers configuration [20][21][22][23]. Ou et al. presented a broadband energy harvester with a two-mass cantilever beam structure [20]. Due to the addition of an extra mass, two useful working modes can be obtained. Arafa et al. developed a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) cantilever-based piezoelectric generator which used the proof mass as a dynamic amplifier [21]. However, the multimodal harvester only increases the number of peak amplitudes, and the bandwidth of each peak is relatively narrow, which still causes a sharp drop in power generation when the excitation...

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Section: The Application Of Fabricated Vtengmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Cantilever-Based Vibration Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Low-Frequency and Broadband Operation

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Electronics

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show abstract

“…[1][2][3] Since the hearts of all these networks are numerous miniaturized electronic devices each with low power consumption, extracting energy from the ambient environment to generate electricity has been considered as a promising approach for addressing the everincreasing energy demand. [4][5][6] Due to the ubiquitous nature, the abundant low-frequency mechanical energy has attracted great attention, which can be converted into electricity through various transduction mechanisms, such as electromagnetic induction, [7][8][9] piezoelectric effect, 10,11 electrostatic induction, 12,13 and triboelectric electrification. 14,15 Among these different electricity-generation technologies, the electromagnetic generator has been utilized for almost 200 years, but it still serves as a dominant way to convert other forms of energy into electricity to power modern societies owing to its superior duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridizing linear and nonlinear couplings for constructing two‐degree‐of‐freedom electromagnetic energy harvesters

et al. 2019

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Summary The efficient exploitation of ubiquitous low‐frequency mechanical excitations through electromagnetic induction is important for implementing self‐sustained low‐power electronics. Conventional electromagnetic energy harvesters (EMEHs) have been usually designed as a 1‐degree‐of‐freedom (1‐DOF) linear system with a high resonant frequency, resulting in poor performance under low‐frequency excitations. To solve this key issue, this paper presents four 2‐DOF cylindrical EMEHs with various configurations. Theoretical models for the four EMEHs are built and then validated by experiment. With the theoretical models, a parametric study is carried out to reveal the energy harvesting performance of the four 2‐DOF EMEHs. The results indicate that supporting a 1‐DOF EMEH within a large tube using springs or magnetic coupling to construct a 2‐DOF EMEH can lower the operating frequency, endowing the 2‐DOF EMEH with improved performance under low‐frequency excitations. Moreover, the 2‐DOF EMEH can always provide higher power outputs than the corresponding 1‐DOF EMEH except the linear 2‐DOF EMEH configuration with overly stiff inner springs. Furthermore, for the nonlinear 2‐DOF EMEH, the output power can be optimized by adjusting the spring stiffness and the length of the inner tube. In addition, increasing the mass of the inner center magnet can enhance the power output and in the meanwhile make the operational frequency shift toward the left (lower frequency).

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“…So, a new type of energy harvester based on vibration energy collection has been widely studied. Vibration energy harvesting is mainly based on electromagnetic [2][3][4][5][6], electrostatic [7,8], triboelectric [9,10], and piezoelectric [11][12][13] conversion mechanisms. Among them, the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (PVEH) has been widely studied due to its simple structure, high energy density, excellent voltage output, and easy integration with other devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Direction Self-Tuning Two-Dimensional Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

Zhao

Wei

Zhong

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Most work from the last decade on the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (PVEHs) focuses on how to increase its frequency bandwidth but ignores the effect of vibration direction on the output performance of the harvester. However, both the frequency and the direction of the vibration in a real environment are time-variant. Therefore, improving the capability of PVEH to harvest multi-directional vibration energy is also important. This work presents a direction self-tuning two-dimensional (2D) PVEH, which consists of a spring-mass system and a direction self-tuning structure. The spring-mass system is sensitive to external vibration, and the direction self-tuning structure can automatically adjust its plane perpendicular to the direction of the external excitation driven by an external torque. The direction self-tuning mechanism is first theoretically analyzed. The experimental results show that this direction self-tuning PVEH can efficiently scavenge vibration energy in the 2D plane, and its output performance is unaffected by vibration direction and is very stable. Meanwhile, the effect of the initial deflection angle and the vibration acceleration on the direction self-tuning time of the PVEH is investigated. The direction self-tuning mechanism can also be used in other PVEHs with different energy conversion methods for harvesting multi-direction vibration energy.

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Micro electrostatic energy harvester with both broad bandwidth and high normalized power density

Cited by 349 publications

References 72 publications

A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Cantilever-Based Vibration Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Low-Frequency and Broadband Operation

A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Cantilever-Based Vibration Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Low-Frequency and Broadband Operation

Hybridizing linear and nonlinear couplings for constructing two‐degree‐of‐freedom electromagnetic energy harvesters

A Direction Self-Tuning Two-Dimensional Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

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