Micro–Computed Tomography Study of the Internal Anatomy of Mesial Root Canals of Mandibular Molars

Villas-Bôas, M. H.; Bernardineli, Norberti; Cavenago, Bruno Cavalini; Marciano, Marina Angélica; Carpio-Perochena, Aldo del; Moraes, Ivaldo Gomes de; Duarte, Marco Húngaro; Bramante, Clóvis Monteiro; Ordinola‐Zapata, Ronald

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2011.08.001

Cited by 109 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The results of this investigation as well as those obtained by Harris et al (7) showed that although the mesial and distal roots have a high root canal configuration variability, the mesial root has a more complicated morphology due to the even higher number of morphological variations when compared with the distal root. A consistent morphological pattern could not be observed in mesial root such as the one reported by Villas-Boas et al (25). According to all these morphological reports and transferring them to a clinical point of view, it seems to be that the endodontic treatment of the mesial root of mandibular first molar appears to be more demanding than the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Due to the great anatomical variations, in both mesial and distal roots, and a high frequency of accessory canals, we are also (5) of the opinion that endodontic instruments and treatment techniques should be carefully selected in order to avoid mishaps; thus, compromising success during endodontic treatment (5). With the morphology knowledge reported in this and other micro-computer tomography investigations (5,7,11,13,(16)(17)(18)(23)(24)(25), the importance of appropriate root canal preparation systems and irrigating solution selection becomes evident when considering the three dimensionality of the root canal system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of 118 Mandibular First Molars by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

Wolf

Paqué

Zeller

et al. 2016

Journal of Endodontics

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INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal system morphology of the mandibular first molar by means of micro-computed tomography. METHODS The root canal configuration, foramina, and accessory canals frequency of 118 mandibular first molars were investigated by means of micro-computed tomography and 3-dimensional software imaging. A 4-digit system describes the root canal configuration from the coronal to apical thirds and the main foramina number. RESULTS The most frequent root canal configurations in mesial root were 2-2-2/2 (31.4%), 2-2-1/1 (15.3%), and 2-2-2/3 (11.9%); another 24 different root canal configurations were observed in this root. A 1-1-1/1 (58.5%), 1-1-1/2 (10.2%), and 16 other root canal configurations were observed in the distal root. The mesiobuccal root canal showed 1-4 foramina in 24.6%, and the mesiolingual showed 1-3 foramina in 28.0%. One connecting canal between the mesial root canals was observed in 30.5% and 2 in 3.4%. The distolingual root canal showed 1-4 foramina in 23.7%, whereas a foramen in the distobuccal root canal was rarely detected (3.4%). The mesiobuccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual root canals showed at least 1 accessory canal (14.3, 10.2, and 4.2%, respectively), but the distobuccal had none. CONCLUSIONS The root canal configuration of mandibular first molars varies strongly. According to our expectations, both the mesial and distal roots showed a high number of morphologic diversifications. The root canal system of the mesial root showed more root canal configuration variations, connecting and accessory canals than the distal root.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of 118 Mandibular First Molars by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

Wolf

Paqué

Zeller

et al. 2016

Journal of Endodontics

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“…The traditional needle irrigation technique delivers solutions no more than 0-1.1 mm beyond the needle tip (12). This is insufficient for complete cleaning of the complex anatomy of the root canal system (lateral canals, isthmuses, fins, and accessory canals) (13). A vapor lock that results in trapped air in the apical third of root canals has also been considered because it might hinder the exchange of irrigants and affect their debridement efficacy (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smear Layer Removal and Canal Cleanliness Using Different Irrigation Systems (EndoActivator, EndoVac, and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation): Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation in an In Vitro Study

Mancini¹,

Cerroni²,

Iorio³

et al. 2013

Journal of Endodontics

152

131

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigating methods in removing the smear layer at 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex of endodontic canals. Methods: Sixty-five extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars were decoronated to a standardized length of 16 mm. Specimens were shaped to ProTaper F4 (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl at 37 C. Teeth were divided into 5 groups (2 control groups [n = 10] and 3 test groups [n = 15]) according to the final irrigant activation/delivering technique (ie, sonic irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], or apical negative pressure). Root canals were then split longitudinally and observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The presence of debris and a smear layer at 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex was evaluated. Scores were analyzed by KruskalWallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The EndoActivator System (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) was significantly more efficient than PUI and the control groups in removing the smear layer at 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. The EndoVac System (Discus Dental, Culver City, CA) removed statistically significantly more smear layer than all groups at 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. At 5 and 8 mm from the apex, PUI and the EndoVac did not differ statistically significantly, but both performed statistically better than the control groups. Conclusions: In our study, none of the activation/delivery systems completely removed the smear layer from the endodontic dentine walls; nevertheless, the EndoActivator and EndoVac showed the best results at 3, 5, and 8 mm (EndoActivator) and 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm (EndoVac) from the apex.

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“…Several studies have used µCT for the three-dimensional (3D) anatomical evaluation of human teeth (11)(12)(13). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the 3D anatomy of the mesial root canals of the Burmese mandibular first molar with VT4 using µCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical profile of the mesial root of the Burmese mandibular first molar with Vertucci’s type IV canal configuration

Moe

Jin

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Science

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This study evaluated the anatomical profile of the mesial root canals of the Burmese mandibular first molar with Vertucci's type IV canal configuration (VT4) using microcomputed tomography analysis. Seventy-five mesial roots of extracted mandibular first molars were scanned and evaluated. Fourteen middle mesial canals (MMCs) were observed in the specimens; each specimen had an average of 1.63 lateral canals and 3.77 apical foramina. The lateral canals arising from the mesiobuccal canal, mesiolingual canal, MMC, and isthmus terminated at an average distance of 0.92, 0.73, 2.11, and 1.89 mm, respectively, from the apex. The mean distance between the centers of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals at 1.5 mm coronal to the furcation was 2.60 mm. A higher incidence of isthmus was observed in the apical 2-6-mm region compared with the apical 0-2-mm region (P < 0.05). The incidence of lateral canals in the isthmus was similar to that of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (P > 0.05). This study shows that the mesial root of the Burmese mandibular first molar with VT4 has complex anatomical profiles comprising MMCs and isthmus and their lateral canals.

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Micro–Computed Tomography Study of the Internal Anatomy of Mesial Root Canals of Mandibular Molars

Cited by 109 publications

References 36 publications

Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of 118 Mandibular First Molars by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of 118 Mandibular First Molars by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

Smear Layer Removal and Canal Cleanliness Using Different Irrigation Systems (EndoActivator, EndoVac, and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation): Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation in an In Vitro Study

Anatomical profile of the mesial root of the Burmese mandibular first molar with Vertucci’s type IV canal configuration

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