Micro–Computed Tomography Assessment of Apical Accessory Canal Morphologies

Xu, Ting; Tay, Franklin R.; Gutmann, James L.; Fan, Bing; Fan, Wei; Huang, Zhe; Sun, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2016.02.006

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The canals were segmented using the 2‐dimensional Otsu method, and 3D models were created in CTAn software (v.1.14.4.1+SkyScan; Bruker micro‐CT, Kontich, Belgium) (Xu et al . ). Seventy specimens were selected and paired into two groups ( n = 35) based on anatomical similarity to enable homogeneous specimen distribution in each group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The canals were segmented in the CTAn software using the 2‐dimensional Otsu method (Xu et al . ). Morphologic parameters of the pre‐ and post‐instrumentation root canal system (the volume and surface area) were calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The obtained ISQ file, after scanning, was imported into Image J software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA), and an image set of the cross sections of the sample was exported in TIFF format. The canals were segmented using the 2-dimensional Otsu method, and 3D models were created in CTAn software (v.1.14.4.1+SkyScan; Bruker micro-CT, Kontich, Belgium) (Xu et al 2016). Seventy specimens were selected and paired into two groups (n = 35) based on anatomical similarity to enable homogeneous specimen distribution in each group.…”

Section: Specimen Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scanning data sets before and after instrumentation were coregistered using the Data Viewer software v1.5.2.4 (Bruker micro-CT). The canals were segmented in the CTAn software using the 2-dimensional Otsu method (Xu et al 2016). Morphologic parameters of the pre-and post-instrumentation root canal system (the volume and surface area) were calculated.…”

Section: Micro-ct Imaging and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of several instrumentation techniques and irrigation methods on the percentage of untouched canal wall and accumulated dentine debris in C‐shaped canals

Zhao

Fan

et al. 2019

Int Endodontic J

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Aim To evaluate the effect of instrumentation using Reciproc Blue (RB; VDW, Munich, Germany) and XP‐endo Shaper (XP‐S; FKG Dentaire, La Chaux‐deFonds, Switzerland) systems on the area of untouched canal wall (AUCW), accumulated hard‐tissue debris (AHTD) and the efficacy of three irrigation protocols on percentage reductions (red%) of AHTD within C‐shaped canals of mandibular molars. Methodology Seventy mandibular molars with C‐shaped canals were scanned, matched and assigned to two shaping groups (n = 35): RB and XP‐S. Following instrumentation, specimens were triple‐matched with respect to the amount of remaining debris and assigned to three irrigation subgroups (n = 10): syringe‐and‐needle irrigation (SNI), XP‐endo Finisher (XP‐F; FKG Dentaire) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). The AUCW% and AHTD% after instrumentation and the red% of AHTD after irrigation were calculated from micro‐computed tomography. Data were analysed using comparisons for two groups (RB vs. XP‐S) or multiple subgroups followed by pairwise comparison procedures (SNI vs. XP‐F vs. PUI) at α = 0.05. Results For RB and XP‐S, 33.04% and 30.45%, respectively, of the canal wall remained untouched (P > 0.05). For both groups, the apical third had larger AUCW% than the coronal third (P < 0.05). Instrumentation with RB left more debris (2.8%) than XP‐S (1.1%) (P < 0.05). The PUI and XP‐F subgroups had higher mean red% of AHTD than the SNI subgroup; the difference was significant for RB (P < 0.05) but not for XP‐S. Conclusions Both RB and XP‐S systems were associated with similar AUCW after instrumenting C‐shaped canals. RB left significantly greater levels of AHTD compared with XP‐S. PUI and XP‐F irrigation removed more debris than SNI when using the RB system.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Specimen Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Micro-ct Imaging and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of several instrumentation techniques and irrigation methods on the percentage of untouched canal wall and accumulated dentine debris in C‐shaped canals

Zhao

Fan

et al. 2019

Int Endodontic J

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“…To date, micro-CT studies on the apical delta in human teeth were conducted using small sample sizes and are limited to reporting the prevalence in one or two tooth types341521. Recently, Xu and coworkers examined the morphological features of accessory canals using a micro-CT technique that involves the use of a centreline-fitting algorithm22. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to investigate the morphology of apical deltas in human teeth with a large sample size using micro-CT and the centreline algorithm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-CT evaluation of apical delta morphologies in human teeth

Gao

Tay

Gutmann

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The apical delta is an intricate system within the root canal and incompletely debridement may affect the long-term prognosis of root canal therapy. The aim of the present study is to investigate the morphologic features of apical deltas in human teeth with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) using a centreline-fitting algorithm. One hundred and thirty-six apical deltas were detected in 1400 teeth. Molars had more apical deltas (15.8%) than anterior teeth (6.3%). In maxillary molars, the mesiobuccal root had a significantly higher prevalence of apical delta than the palatal root or the distobuccal root. The median vertical distance of the apical delta was 1.87 mm with 13% more than 3 mm. The median diameter and length of the apical delta branches were 132.3 and 934.5 μm. Apical delta branches were not straight with cross-sectional shapes being non-circular. These morphological features of apical delta may complicate debridement of the infected root canal system.

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