Micro-cogeneration application of a high-temperature PEM fuel cell stack operated with polybenzimidazole based membranes

Budak, Yağmur; Devrim, Yılser

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.173

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The degradation caused the highest net electrical efficiency to drop from 32.75% at the beginning of the operation to 29.51% at 15,000 h of operation. Budak and Devrim [133] demonstrated the feasibility a HTPEMFC-CHP system employing Polybenzimidazole/Graphene Oxide (PBI/GO) composite as a membrane in the fuel cell. The CHP system with stack using PBI/GO membrane performed better than that with PBI membrane yielding thermal efficiency of 47% and a maximum power of 546 W. Marcoberardino et al [9] compared the performance of three different PEMFC-CHPs solutions for residential power generation.…”

Section: Htpemfc-chpmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Significant research efforts are directed towards finding new ways to reduce the cost, increase efficiency, and decrease the environmental impact of power-generation systems. The poly-generation concept is a promising strategy that enables the development of a sustainable power system. Over the past few years, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-based Poly-Generation Systems (PEMFC-PGSs) have received accelerated developments due to the low-temperature operation, high efficiency, and low environmental impact. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the main PEMFC-PGSs, including Combined Heat and Power (CHP) co-generation systems, Combined Cooling and Power (CCP) co-generation systems, Combined Cooling, Heat, and Power (CCHP) tri-generation systems, and Combined Water and Power (CWP) co-generation systems. First, the main technologies used in PEMFC-PGSs, such as those related to hydrogen production, energy storage, and Waste Heat Recovery (WHR), etc., are detailed. Then, the research progresses on the economic, energy, and environmental performance of the different PEMFC-PGSs are presented. Also, the recent commercialization activities on these systems are highlighted focusing on the leading countries in this field. Furthermore, the remaining economic and technical obstacles of these systems along with the future research directions to mitigate them are discussed. The review reveals the potential of the PEMFC-PGS in securing a sustainable future of the power systems. However, many economic and technical issues, particularly those related to high cost and degradation rate, still need to be addressed before unlocking the full benefits of such systems.

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Section: Htpemfc-chpmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high-temperature PEMFC (HTPEMFC) characteristics have been investigated recently at temperatures over 373 K [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, many studies have focused on the R&D of new materials, e.g., membranes and catalysts [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Polybenzimidazole-graphene oxide composite membranes were developed and the maximum power of 546 W (voltage of 5.2 V at 105 A) was achieved using 12 cell stacks [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Separator Thickness on Temperature Distribution and Power Generation Characteristics of a Single PEMFC Operated at Higher Temperature of 363 and 373 K

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the separator thickness on not only the heat and mass transfer characteristics, but also the power generation characteristics of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with a thin polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and thin gas diffusion layer (GDL) operated at higher temperatures of 363 and 373 K. The in-plane temperature distributions on the back of the separator at the anode and cathode, which are the opposite sides to the GDL, are measured using a thermograph at various initial cell temperatures (Tinit), relative humidity (RH) levels, and supply gas flow rates. The total voltage corresponding to the load current is measured in order to evaluate the performance of the PEMFC. As a result, it is revealed that the effect of the RH on the power generation characteristics is more significant when the separator thickness decreases. It is revealed that the power generation performance obtained at high current densities decreases with the increase in Tinit with thinner separator thicknesses. According to the investigation of the in-plane temperature distribution, it is clarified that the temperature decreases at corner positions in the separator with the separator thickness of 2.0 mm, while the temperature gradually increases along with the gas flow with separator thicknesses of 1.5 mm and 1.0 mm.

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“…According to the literature on high-temperature PEMFC operated over 373 K, newly developed membranes which can be used at a high temperature include polybenzimidazolebased membrane [6] and bulky N-heterocyclic group functionalized poly (terphenyl piperidinium) membrane [7]. Regarding the development of new electrode, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder dispersion [8] and 3D numerical simulation for the optimization of electrode thickness [9] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the distributions of H 2 , O 2 , H 2 O concentration and the current density on the interface between the Nafion membrane, which is used as a typical PEM, and the anode catalyst layer or the interface between the Nafion membrane and cathode catalyst layer under a higher-temperature operation condition than usual. Some new membranes, e.g., polybenzimidazole-based membrane [6], have recently been developed for the high-temperature operation of PEMFC. However, it is easy to apply and commercialize the PEMFC system if the Nafion membrane can be used at a high temperature such as 363 K and 373 K. Numerical simulation using a 3D model by multi-physics simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics has also been carried out to achieve the aim of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation on Impacts of Thickness of Nafion Series Membranes and Relative Humidity on PEMFC Operated at 363 K and 373 K

et al. 2021

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The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of the thickness of Nafion membrane, which is a typical polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs), and relative humidity of supply gas on the distributions of H2, O2, H2O concentration and current density on the interface between a Nafion membrane and anode catalyst layer or the interface between a Nafion membrane and cathode catalyst layer. The effect of the initial temperature of the cell (Tini) is also investigated by the numerical simulation using the 3D model by COMSOL Multiphysics. As a result, the current density decreases along with the gas flow through the gas channel irrespective of the Nafion membrane thickness and Tini, which can be explained by the concentration distribution of H2 and O2 consumed by electrochemical reaction. The molar concentration of H2O decreases when the thickness of Nafion membrane increases, irrespective of Tini and the relative humidity of the supply gas. The current density increases with the increase in relative humidity of the supply gas, irrespective of the Nafion membrane thickness and Tini. This study recommends that a thinner Nafion membrane with well-humidified supply gas would promote high power generation at the target temperature of 363 K and 373 K.

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Micro-cogeneration application of a high-temperature PEM fuel cell stack operated with polybenzimidazole based membranes

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

PEMFC Poly-Generation Systems: Developments, Merits, and Challenges

Impacts of Separator Thickness on Temperature Distribution and Power Generation Characteristics of a Single PEMFC Operated at Higher Temperature of 363 and 373 K

Numerical Simulation on Impacts of Thickness of Nafion Series Membranes and Relative Humidity on PEMFC Operated at 363 K and 373 K

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