2022
DOI: 10.3390/nano12183203
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Micro- and Nanoscale Imaging of Fluids in Water Using Refractive-Index-Matched Materials

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) visualization in water is a technique that, in addition to macroscale visualization, enables micro- and nanoscale visualization via a microfabrication technique, which is particularly important in the study of biological systems. This review paper introduces micro- and nanoscale 3D fluid visualization methods. First, we introduce a specific holographic fluid measurement method that can visualize three-dimensional fluid phenomena; we introduce the basic principles and survey both the init… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Further analysis of the sample containing 15 drops of milk (see supplementary information, figure S2) looking at the peak of the DToFs from several regions of interest it could be ascertained that for a vertical distance of ∼25.8 mm the light path obtained from the peak positions corresponded to ∼46.8 mm free space. Taking into account that the refractive indices of milk and water are similar [39,40], e.g. assuming a refractive index for the sample of 1.34, then the distance reduces to ∼35 mm.…”
Section: Addition Of Milk To Water (Increase Of the Degree Of Scatter...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further analysis of the sample containing 15 drops of milk (see supplementary information, figure S2) looking at the peak of the DToFs from several regions of interest it could be ascertained that for a vertical distance of ∼25.8 mm the light path obtained from the peak positions corresponded to ∼46.8 mm free space. Taking into account that the refractive indices of milk and water are similar [39,40], e.g. assuming a refractive index for the sample of 1.34, then the distance reduces to ∼35 mm.…”
Section: Addition Of Milk To Water (Increase Of the Degree Of Scatter...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Measurements of the velocity field is fundamental in understanding the behavior of flowing systems both natural, ranging from molecular biology (Bos et al, 2021;Faez et al, 2015;Huang and Choma, 2015;Wang et al, 2018) and cellular biology (Marin et al, 2017;Savorana et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2020) to physiology (Oeler et al, 2021;Sampath et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2022) and the environment, (Aksamit and Pomeroy, 2016;Gaudin et al, 2014;Mujtaba and de Lima, 2018;Tagliavini et al, 2022;Tauro et al, 2019) and engineered, spanning biochemical reactors (Devasenathipathy et al, 2002;Hofmann et al, 2022;Kováts et al, 2018;Romano et al, 2023Romano et al, , 2021 and fundamental fluid dynamics (Humphrey et al, 1974;Kasagi and Nishino, 1991;Kim et al, 2016) to manufacturing (Eschner et al, 2019;Fischer et al, 2022) and civil (Bautista-Capetillo et al, 2014;Fu et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2020) industry. The imaging system must fulfill resolution requirements relative to the physical system, however, no constraint is imposed on the overall scale of the physical system, PTV being applicable to nano, (Bos et al, 2021;Faez et al, 2015;Matsuura et al, 2018;Satake, 2022;Wang et al, 2018) micro, (Choi et al, 2012;Dehnavi et al, 2020;Devasenathipathy et al, 2002;Fan et al, 2010;Huang ...…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%