Micro- and macroscopic modeling of crowding and pushing in corridors

Fischer, Michael; Jankowiak, Gaspard; Wolfram, Marie-Thérèse

doi:10.3934/nhm.2020025

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The analysis casts doubt on the initial claim that the dynamics cannot be explained without social psychology, as social behaviour like queuing norms could not be detected. By contrast, a theoretical study based on simulations with a cellular automata model [ 18 ] found some indications for an increasing density. However, due to the discrete nature of cellular automata and the resulting coarse (spatial) resolution, the microscopic interactions and emergent phenomena could not be studied in sufficient detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

An attempt to distinguish physical and socio-psychological influences on pedestrian bottleneck

et al. 2022

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It has been realized that the distinction between social-psychological effects and physical effects in pedestrian crowds is complex, and so the relevance of social psychology for the properties of pedestrian streams is still discussed controversially. Although physics-based models appear to capture many properties rather accurately, it was argued that simple systems of self-driven particles could not explain certain emergent phenomena. In particular, results from a recent empirical study of pedestrian flow at bottlenecks have been interpreted as indicating the relevance of social psychology even in relatively simple scenarios of crowd dynamics. The study showed a surprising dependence of the density near the bottleneck on the width of the corridor leading to it. The density increased with increasing corridor width, although a wider corridor provides more space for pedestrians. It has been argued that this observation is a consequence of social norms, which trigger the effect by a preference for queuing in such situations. However, convincing evidence for this hypothesis is still missing. Here, we reconsider this scenario from a physics perspective using computer simulations of a simple microscopic velocity-based model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

An attempt to distinguish physical and socio-psychological influences on pedestrian bottleneck

et al. 2022

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“…Bottleneck flow is one of the central problems in pedestrian dynamics and has been studied extensively both experimentally [6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and theoretically [13,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Here an important factor is the motivation of the individuals to reach their target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For low motivation and narrower corridors, distinct lanes form in the corridor which can disappear in the high motivated scenario, or by widening the bottleneck. A numerical and analytical study was conducted on the phenomena using a cellular automata model [26] where the effects of the increasing density are hinted at. However, through the limited spatial resolution cellular automata models cannot capture all details.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Bottleneck Flow with Varying Corridor Width and Motivation Using a Speed-Based Model

et al. 2022

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In this study a simple speed-based model is employed to simulate an experiment of pedestrian bottleneck flow. The experiment revealed that the density near the bottleneck is influenced by the motivation of the pedestrians and the corridor width. In narrow corridors, distinct lanes are formed for pedestrians with low motivation. These lanes can disappear when the pedestrians have a high motivation to reach their target. We show that a speed-based model is - despite its relative simplicity- capable to reproduce the observed phenomena to a high degree.

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“…In another study, [17], the friction parameter was extended to a function of the number of agents in clogging for a more realistic result of the pedestrian outflow through the exit. The effect of queuing and pushing behavior in front of the bottleneck on the overall dynamics of the crowd is explored using another CA model in [18], where a local pushing mechanism is used [19]. Another global pushing mechanism is proposed in [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged clogs in bottleneck simulations for pedestrian dynamics

Chraibi

Seyfried

2021

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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This article studies clogging phenomena using a velocity-based model for pedestrian dynamics. First, a method to identify prolonged clogs in simulations was introduced. Then bottleneck simulations were implemented with different initial and boundary conditions. The number of prolonged clogs were analyzed to investigate the decisive factors causing this phenomenon. Moreover, the time lapse between two consecutive agents passing the exit, and the trajectories of agents were analyzed. The influence of three type of factors was studied: parameters of the spatial boundaries, algorithmic factors related to implementation of the model, and the movement model. Parameters of the spatial boundaries include the width and position of the bottleneck exit. Algorithmic factors are the update methods and the size of the time step. Model parameters cover several parameters describing the level of motivation, the strength and range of impact among agents, and the shape of agents. The results show that the occurrence of prolonged clogs is closely linked to parameters of the spatial boundaries and the movement model but has virtually no correlation with algorithmic factors.

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Micro- and macroscopic modeling of crowding and pushing in corridors

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

An attempt to distinguish physical and socio-psychological influences on pedestrian bottleneck

An attempt to distinguish physical and socio-psychological influences on pedestrian bottleneck

Numerical Study of Bottleneck Flow with Varying Corridor Width and Motivation Using a Speed-Based Model

Prolonged clogs in bottleneck simulations for pedestrian dynamics

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