Micelles. Structure and catalysis

Sudhölter, E.J.R.; Vandelangkruis, Gb; Engberts, Jbfn

doi:10.1002/recl.19800990302

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…1). [17][18][19] Once placed in water, these molecules spontaneously assemble to form a spherical monolayer consisting of an external hydrophilic shell (or corona) and a hydrophobic core. Micelles have been known to sequester only hydrophobic drugs, 20 but recently a report by Huang and co-workers 21 described core-inversible micelles that can sequester hydrophilic drugs in their core.…”

Section: Micelles 221 Polymeric Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Nanomedicine: Passive, Active, and Ultrasound-Triggered Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment

Elkhodiry¹,

Momah²,

Suwaidi³

et al. 2016

j nanosci nanotechnol

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Nanocarriers are heavily researched as drug delivery vehicles capable of sequestering antineoplastic agents and then releasing their contents at the desired location. The feasibility of using such carriers stems from their ability to produce a multimodel delivery system whereby passive, ligand and triggered targeting can be applied in the fight against cancer. Passive targeting capitalizes on the leaky nature of tumor tissue which allows for the extravasation of particles with a size smaller than 0.5 µm into the tumors. Ligand targeting utilizes the concept of receptor-mediated endocytosis and involves the conjugation of ligands onto the surface of nanoparticles, while triggered targeting involves the use of external and internal stimuli to release the carriers contents upon reaching the diseased location. In this review, micelles and liposomes have been considered due to the promising results they have shown in vivo and in vitro and their potential for advancements into clinical trials. Thus, this review focuses on the most recent advancements in the field of micellar and liposomal drug delivery and considers the synergistic effect of passive- and ligand-targeting strategies, and the use of ultrasound in triggering drug release at the tumor site.

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Section: Micelles 221 Polymeric Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Nanomedicine: Passive, Active, and Ultrasound-Triggered Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment

Elkhodiry¹,

Momah²,

Suwaidi³

et al. 2016

j nanosci nanotechnol

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“…Kinetic studies of micellar catalysis and inhibition have been largely focused on organic reactions and the field has been reviewed extensively [70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. In these kinetic analyses the dependence of the rate constants on the surfactant concentration has usually been rationalized in terms of the pseudophase model assuming rapid exchange of the substrate(s) between the micellar and aqueous pseudophases.…”

Section: A Kinetic Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micellar catalysis of organic reactions has been extensively studied [70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. This type of catalysis is critically determined by the ability of micelles to take up all kinds of molecules.…”

Section: Introduction To Micellar Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diels-Alder Reactions in Micellar Media

Otto¹,

Engberts

2001

Surfactant Science

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I. INTRODUCTION TO DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS The Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2]cycloaddition in which a diene (four-π component) reacts with a dienophile (two-π component) to provide a six-membered ring (Fig. 1). Six new stereocenters are formed in a single reaction step. Because the conformations of the double bonds are usually fully retained, the reaction is stereospecific and consequently the absolute configuration of the two newly formed asymmetric centers can be controlled efficiently. The Diels-Alder reaction is of great value in organic synthesis and is a key step in the construction of compounds containing six-membered rings [1]. A historic account of this important conversion has been published by Berson [2]. Homo Diels-Alder reactions involve only hydrocarbon fragments. If the diene or dienophile possesses heteroatoms in any of the positions a-f (Fig. 1), heterocyclic ring systems are formed (hetero Diels-Alder reactions). Normal electron demand Diels-Alder reactions are promoted by electron-donating substituents in the diene and electron-withdrawing substituents in the dienophile. The opposite situation applies for inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions. Neutral Diels-Alder reactions are accelerated by both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents.

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“…The most important properties of micellar systems are their ability to solubilize a variety of molecules insoluble in bulk (aqueous) solution and their substantial catalytic effect on many reactions [2][3][4][5]. The knowledge of the structure of the micelles, the local environment, the local concentration and the relative orientation of the solubilized molecules is of fundamental importance in understanding the nature of the solubilization and the physical and chemical behavior of the solubilized species [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%