Micellar Characterisation of Saponin from Sapindus Mukorossi

Abstract

The micellar characteristics of a non-ionic, natural surfactant, saponin obtained from the soapnut tree, Sapindus mukorossi, were studied in aqueous solution. Critical micelle concentration of Sapindus saponin determined using conductivity measurements and UV absorption studies was 0.045 wt%. Increase in temperature and salt concentration led to decrease in the critical micelle concentration of Sapindus saponin. The critical micelle concentration was found to increase with increase in hardness of water and increase in pH. The micellar aggregation number was determined using cyclic voltammetry and was found to be between 13 and 21. The size of the Sapindus saponin micelles was determined using intrinsic viscosity measurements and was found to be independent of saponin concentration for concentrations above the CMC. Solubilisation of two types of crude oils and a vegetable oil was studied using micellar solubilisation technique. At lower concentrations of the surfactant, the micellar solubilisation of crude oils in saponin was better than synthetic surfactants like Triton X100® and SDS where as, the solubilisation of vegetable oil was better in synthetic surfactants.

Self‐Assembly of Methacrylate‐Functionalized Phosphonate and Phosphate Amphiphiles and their Conversion into Nanospheres

“…In addition this method is very simple to perform without using sophisticated instrumentation. Although the method is usually limited to ionic amphiphiles, which show more pronounced conductivity in aqueous solutions than their non‐ionic counterparts, it has also been successfully applied for the micellar characterization of non‐ionic surfactants 17. DLS measurements are an alternative method used for the investigation of micellar aggregation.…”

Saponins as Natural Raw Materials for Increasing the Safety of Bodywash Cosmetic Use

“…Saponins—nonionic amphiphilic compounds with molecules consisting of hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts—can become incorporated into the micellar structures emerging in the solution, increasing their size, improving stability, and inducing a change in their shape. They have a low CMC, in the range of 0.01–0.2 g L −1 , lower than in synthetic surfactants, which leads to faster formation of micellar aggregates in solutions (Augustin et al, ; Balakrishnan et al, ; Böttcher and Drusch, ; Golemanov et al, ; Gurfinkel and Rao, ; Kenji et al, ; Kesselmeier and Urban, ; Khan and Shah, ; Mitra and Dungan, ; Wojciechowski, ; Yang et al, ).…”

“…Saponins have a tendency to form relatively large, spherical, or flat micelles in aqueous solutions, which are characterized by a lower level of internal friction than cylindrical micelles. Spherical and flat micelles are able to move in relation to one another quite easily, without producing a considerable resistance, which can be seen in the decrease in dynamic viscosity (Agner and Serup, ; Balakrishnan et al, ; Dasilva et al, ; Mitra and Dungan, ).…”

“…The literature contains a number of studies on saponin isolation from plants, their detergent or foaming properties, and antioxidant potential. However, no studies could be found on the safety of using saponins in bodywash cosmetics, particularly in combination with commonly used washing agents (Augustin et al, ; Balakrishnan et al, ; Böttcher and Drusch, ; Chanchal and Swarnlata, ; Hajimohammadi et al, ; Wasilewski, ). Consequently, the present study is an attempt to comprehensively evaluate the properties of three saponin‐rich plants, with a special emphasis on the safety of using them in bodywash cosmetics.…”

Surface tension, adsorption, and wetting behaviors of natural surfactants on a PTFE surface

“…These surfactants are mostly nonionic in nature and they are mostly triterpenoid glycosides type . The hydrophilic part mainly consists of sugars such as, d ‐glucose, d ‐xylose, l ‐arabinose, l ‐rhamnose, and glucuronic acid, where as, sapindic acid and oleanolic acid are the main constituents of the hydrophobic portion…”