MICADAS: Routine and High-Precision Radiocarbon Dating

Wacker, Lukas; Bonani, Georges; Friedrich, Michael; Hajdas, Irka; Kromer, Bernd; Němec, M.; Ruff, Matthias; Suter, M.; Synal, H.-A.; Vockenhuber, Christof

doi:10.1017/s0033822200045288

Cited by 255 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The samples were subsequently neutralized and dried over NaOH pellets to remove residual acid. The sample was then wrapped in tinfoil boats (Elementar), pressed, and 335 analysed using a coupled elemental analyser-isotope ratio mass spectrometer-accelerator mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS-AMS) system at ETH Zurich Wacker et al, 2010). The instrumental set-up, blank assessment, accuracy, and reproducibility for the data presented here have been previously reported in McIntyre et al (2016).…”

Section: Bulk Elemental and Isotopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconciling drainage and receiving basin signatures of the Godavari River system

Usman¹,

Kirkels²,

Zwart³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The modern-day Godavari River transports large amounts of sediment (170 Tg per year) and terrestrial organic carbon (OC terr ; 1.5 Tg per year) from peninsular India to the Bay of Bengal. The flux and nature of OC terr is considered to have varied in response to past climate and human forcing. In order to delineate the provenance and nature of organic matter (OM) exported 5 by the fluvial system and establish links to sedimentary records accumulating on its adjacent continental margin, the stable and radiogenic isotopic composition of bulk OC, abundance and distribution of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), sedimentological properties (e.g. grain size, mineral surface area etc.) of fluvial (riverbed and riverbank) sediments and soils from the Godavari 10 basin were analysed and these characteristics were compared to those of a sediment core retrieved from the continental slope depocenter. Results show that river sediments from the upper catchment exhibit higher total organic carbon (TOC) contents than those from the lower part of the basin. The general relationship between TOC and sedimentological parameters (i.e., 15 mineral-specific surface area and grain size) of the sediments suggests that sediment mineralogy, largely driven by provenance, plays an important role in the stabilization of OM during transport along the river axis, and in preservation of OM exported by the Godavari to the Bay of Bengal. The stable carbon isotopic (δ 13 C) characteristics of river sediments and soils indicate that 20

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Section: Bulk Elemental and Isotopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconciling drainage and receiving basin signatures of the Godavari River system

Usman¹,

Kirkels²,

Zwart³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Based on these experiments, a mean analytical procedure blank correction factor and SD of 1.0 ± 0.1 µg modern C (see below) per sample was obtained, and it was adopted for all aerosol filters. The 14 C / 12 C ratios were also corrected for isotopic fractionation by using the 13 C / 12 C ratios (Wacker et al, 2010) that were obtained simultaneously in the actual AMS measurements. The 14 C / 12 C isotopic ratios derived were also normalized to that of the oxalic acid II standard reference material (NIST 4990C, USA), and the measurement results were expressed as fraction of modern carbon (f M ), which denotes the 14 C / 12 C ratio of the samples relative to that of the unperturbed atmosphere in the reference year of 1950 (Burr and Jull, 2009).…”

Section: Analyses Of Aerosol Samples and Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of carbonaceous chemical species to fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning and biogenic emissions by a coupled radiocarbon–levoglucosan marker method

Salma¹,

Németh²,

Weidinger³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. An intensive aerosol measurement and sample collection campaign was conducted in central Budapest in a mild winter for 2 weeks. The online instruments included an FDMS-TEOM, RT-OC/EC analyser, DMPS, gas pollutant analysers and meteorological sensors. The aerosol samples were collected on quartz fibre filters by a low-volume sampler using the tandem filter method. Elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), levoglucosan, mannosan, galactosan, arabitol and mannitol were determined, and radiocarbon analysis was performed on the aerosol samples. Median atmospheric concentrations of EC, OC and PM 2.5 mass were 0.97, 4.9 and 25 µg m −3 , respectively. The EC and organic matter (1.6 × OC) accounted for 4.8 and 37 %, respectively, of the PM 2.5 mass. Fossil fuel (FF) combustion represented 36 % of the total carbon (TC = EC + OC) in the PM 2.5 size fraction. Biomass burning (BB) was a major source (40 %) for the OC in the PM 2.5 size fraction, and a substantial source (11 %) for the PM 10 mass. We propose and apply here a novel, straightforward, coupled radiocarbon-levoglucosan marker method for source apportionment of the major carbonaceous chemical species. The contributions of EC and OC from FF combustion (EC FF and OC FF ) to the TC were 11.0 and 25 %, respectively, EC and OC from BB (EC BB and OC BB ) were responsible for 5.8 and 34 %, respectively, of the TC, while the OC from biogenic sources (OC BIO ) made up 24 % of the TC. The overall relative uncertainty of the OC BIO and OC BB contributions was assessed to be up to 30 %, while the relative uncertainty for the other apportioned species is expected to be below 20 %. Evaluation of the apportioned atmospheric concentrations revealed some of their important properties and relationships among them. EC FF and OC FF were associated with different FF combustion sources. Most EC FF was emitted by vehicular road traffic, while the contribution of non-vehicular sources such as domestic and industrial heating or cooking using gas, oil or coal to OC FF was substantial. The mean contribution of BB to EC particles was smaller by a factor of approximately 2 than that of road traffic. The main formation processes of OC FF , OC BB and OC BIO from volatile organic compounds were jointly influenced by a common factor, which is most likely the atmospheric photochemistry, while primary organic emissions can also be important. Technological improvements and control measures for various BB appliances, together with efficient education and training of their users, in particular on the admissible fuel types, offer an important potential for improving the air quality in Budapest, and likely in other cities as well.

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“…It has been demonstrated that 14 C can be measured with precision in the per mil range (Goslar et al 2004;Synal and Wacker 2010;Wacker et al 2010). This aspect has been a topic in many other papers and is therefore not discussed here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Compact AMS Facilities a Competitive Alternative to Larger Tandem Accelerators?

et al. 2010

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ABSTRACT. In the last decade, small and compact accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) systems became available operating at terminal voltages of 1 MV and below. This new category of instruments has become competitive for radiocarbon detection to larger tandem accelerators and many of these instruments are successfully used for 14 C dating or biomedical applications. The AMS group at ETH Zurich has demonstrated that small instruments can be built, which allow measurements also of other radionuclides such as 10 Be, 26 Al, 129 I, and the actinides. 41 Ca measurements can be performed with sufficient sensitivity for biomedical applications. A summary of recent developments made at the 500kV Pelletron in Zurich is given and its performance is compared with that of a commercial compact instrument from the company High Voltage Engineering Europe (HVEE) in Amersfoort, the Netherlands, operating at 1MV at CNA in Seville, Spain, as well as with that of larger AMS facilities. It turns out that the ion optics, stripper design, and the detection system are critical for the performance.

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MICADAS: Routine and High-Precision Radiocarbon Dating

Cited by 255 publications

References 22 publications

Reconciling drainage and receiving basin signatures of the Godavari River system

Reconciling drainage and receiving basin signatures of the Godavari River system

Source apportionment of carbonaceous chemical species to fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning and biogenic emissions by a coupled radiocarbon–levoglucosan marker method

Are Compact AMS Facilities a Competitive Alternative to Larger Tandem Accelerators?

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