“…Frother molecules contain polar groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (-C=O) and ether linkages (-O-) and do not form stable bonds at mineral surfaces. They are, however, known to adsorb onto hydrophobic solids (Frangiskos et al, 1960;Fuerstenau and Pradip, 1982;Miller et al, 1983), and they can also adsorb onto collector-coated surfaces . In flotation processes in which water-insoluble collectors are utilized, frothers may facilitate emulsification of hydrocarbons in water (Meilk-Gaykazyan et al, 1967;Laskowski, 2001).…”