mHealth for diabetes self-management in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: barriers and solutions

Alanzi, Turki

doi:10.2147/jmdh.s174198

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Further, patient education interventions should include programs that improve patient’s health literacy, which was demonstrated to improve compliance in self-care activities [ 30 ]. Other strategies used technology-based solutions, such as the usage of smartphone applications and gamification, to alleviate further obstacles to self-management and produce promising results in the Kingdom [ 17 - 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, increasing attention is given to diabetes self-management, with several pieces of research carried out locally, showing inadequate levels of practice in various dimensions of self-care [ 12 - 14 ]. Such observations prompted physicians’ and researchers’ efforts to promote patient education for self-care [ 15 - 16 ] and to propose technology-based solutions such as usage of smartphone applications and gamification of self-care behavior to alleviate further obstacles and produce promising results in the Kingdom [ 17 - 18 ]. On the other hand, national data remain scarce, stressing the need for the continuous monitoring of self-management among patients with diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Levels of Practice and Determinants of Diabetes Self-Care in Primary Health Care in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Alqahtani¹,

Alzahrani²,

Alzahrani³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Objective To assess the level and determinants of practice in diabetes self-management at primary health care centers (PHCCs) and to analyze the association of self-management with the level of glycemic control. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, aged ≥ 17 years, and being followed at PHCCs in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from December 1, 2019, to December 30, 2019. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select 350 participants from five PHCCs. The level of practice in self-management was assessed using the Arabic version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. The tool was administered as a face-to-face interview, followed by the collection of sociodemographic and relevant clinical data. In addition, blood was collected to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels. The association of the overall SDSCA score with diabetes control was analyzed using linear regression and the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve. Multivariate binary logistic regression was carried out to analyze independent factors of inadequate practice. Result The overall mean (SD) SDSCA score was 3.13 (1.13)/7. Of the five dimensions of self-care, medication adherence yielded the highest score (mean=5.39 days per week), followed by diet (2.83) and blood glucose monitoring (2.78), while footcare had the lowest level of practice (2.26). The SDSCA score showed a negative correlation with the level of HbA1c, with a correlation coefficient r-squared =0.530 and regression coefficient B=-0.648 (p <0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that optimal glycemic control was associated with SDSCA score cutoff ≥3.5 with 82.0% sensitivity and 77.0% specificity, and the model showed that 38.0% of participants had adequate practice in self-management. Inadequate practice in diabetes self-management was independently associated with age >50 years (OR=2.00 [95%CI=1.02, 3.89]), rental accommodation (OR=0.42 [95%CI=0.23, 0.76]), independent job (OR=3.98 [95%CI=1.66, 9.57]), and longer duration of diabetes (≥8 years) (OR=4.25 [95%CI=1.82, 9.92]). Conclusion There are low levels of diabetes self-management among patients being followed at Jeddah PHCCs. This is associated with suboptimal glycemic control among the majority of the patients, indicating the importance of self-management to improve diabetes control. Patient health literacy and education for self-management should be considered the standard of care for diabetic patients in all PHCCs, with specific attention to subcategories of patients with the lowest levels of practice in self-management such as those with a longer duration of diabetes and the elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of Practice and Determinants of Diabetes Self-Care in Primary Health Care in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Alqahtani¹,

Alzahrani²,

Alzahrani³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…Many other studies that surveyed the usage patterns and preferences of people using health apps were conducted among specific populations and not among patients with diabetes or any other chronic diseases . A survey on barriers to mHealth implementation in Saudi Arabia found that mHealth expertise and human shortage; funding and infrastructure investments; legal, privacy standardization and regulatory obstacles and bureaucracy are the hurdles in bringing the mHealth technology …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,18 A survey on barriers to mHealth implementation in Saudi Arabia found that mHealth expertise and human shortage; funding and infrastructure investments; legal, privacy standardization and regulatory obstacles and bureaucracy are the hurdles in bringing the mHealth technology. 19 The mobile usage pattern was also found to vary rapidly with the continuous emergence of newer technologies, particularly with the easier availability of high-speed mobile broadband technologies, such as 3G and 4G. Therefore, information regarding patterns of usage, user preferences, and the difficulties faced by patients is greatly necessary in order to initiate any mHealth related applications within a healthcare setting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health apps usage and preferences among Saudi patients with diabetes: A survey

Rafiullah

David

2019

Int J Clin Pract

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Background Information regarding patterns of smartphone usage, user preferences, and difficulties faced by patients is necessary to initiate any mHealth related programs. Objective To investigate patterns of usage pertaining to various different smartphone health applications amongst diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia as well as patient preferences and the challenges of using health apps from a user perspective. Methods This study was a cross sectional survey based on a self‐administered, close‐ended, pre‐designed, structured questionnaire. The main emphasis of the questions were as follows: (a) to investigate current patterns of smartphone use, (b) to examine the use of mobile for health applications and (c) to understand patient preferences when it comes to the specific health related use of mobile phone apps (d) to accrue patient feedback in using health apps. Results 36.62% of the study population reported using health applications. Patients preferred to follow up blood sugar measurements, body weight, exercise accomplishments, and caloric intake through a health application. More than a third of the participants who were surveyed found the health apps to be very easy to understand with an equal number of participants responding that some training was either necessary. Approximately 32.54% of the respondents indicated that they did not want to know about their health. However, almost an equal number of participants responded that they were unsure of how to start on health apps. Conclusion The results of this survey indicate that there is huge potential for utilizing these health applications via smartphones in the implementation of various health programs.

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“…Presenting these statistics, Alanzi (2018) noted that policy deficits and scarce research on e-Health systems for diabetes have resulted in its poor implementation at hospital level. The e-Health initiatives of the Saudi Ministry of Health were limited to creating silos of health records and some service facilitations [3]. There had been only some very recent works on this issue in Saudi Arabia like those of Aldahmash, Ahmed, Qadri, Thapa, and AlMuammar (2019) and Belcher, Vess, and Johnson (2019) [4] [8].…”

Section: What Are the Modelling System Requirements For E-health In Saudi Arabia?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Health Process and System Requirements Engineering for Better e-Health Services in Saudi Arabia

Alanazi¹,

Gay²,

N.³

et al. 2021

IJACSA

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This systematic review aimed to examine the published works on e-health modelling system requirements and suggest one applicable to Saudi Arabia. PRISMA method was adopted to search, screen and select the papers to be included in this review. Google Scholar was used as the search engine to collect relevant works. From an initial 74 works, 20 were selected after all screening procedures as per PRISMA flow diagram. The 20 selected works were discussed under various sections. The review revealed that goal setting is the first step. Using the goals, a model can be created based on which system requirements can be elicited. Different research used different approaches within this broad framework and applied the procedures to varying healthcare contexts. Based on the findings, an attempt has been made to set the goals and elicit the system requirements for a diabetes self-management model for the entire country in Saudi Arabian context. This is a preliminary model which needs to be tested, improved and then implemented.

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mHealth for diabetes self-management in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: barriers and solutions

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Levels of Practice and Determinants of Diabetes Self-Care in Primary Health Care in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Levels of Practice and Determinants of Diabetes Self-Care in Primary Health Care in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Health apps usage and preferences among Saudi patients with diabetes: A survey

Modelling Health Process and System Requirements Engineering for Better e-Health Services in Saudi Arabia

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