MHC-DRB Exon 2 Diversity of the Jamaican Fruit-Eating Bat (<i>Artibeus jamaicensis</i>) from Mexico

Real-Monroy, Melina Del; Ortega, Jorge

doi:10.3161/150811014x687260

Cited by 12 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…These genes are affected by pathogen-mediated selection in a wide range of vertebrate species (Wegner et al 2003;Piertney and Oliver 2006;Savage and Zamudio 2011), and spatial patterns of variation in the MHC can serve as an immunogenetic proxy for the potential of a declining population to adapt to shifting selection by pathogens (Hawley and Fleischer 2012;Kyle et al 2014). The MHC has been studied in several bats, including a suite of Neotropical phyllostomid species (Schad et al 2012b;Real-Monroy et al 2014;Salmier et al 2016), the sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata; Mayer and Brunner 2007), and two North American Myotis species (M. velifer, M. velesi;Richman et al 2010). MHC variants are correlated with ectoparasite load in the lesser bulldog bat (Noctilio albiventris; Schad et al 2012a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prelude to a panzootic: Gene flow and immunogenetic variation in northern little brown myotis vulnerable to bat white-nose syndrome

Davy

Donaldson

Rico

et al. 2017

FACETS

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The fungus that causes bat white-nose syndrome (WNS) recently leaped from eastern North America to the Pacific Coast. The pathogen's spread is associated with the genetic population structure of a host (Myotis lucifugus). To understand the fine-scale neutral and immunogenetic variation among northern populations of M. lucifugus, we sampled 1142 individuals across the species' northern range. We used genotypes at 11 microsatellite loci to reveal the genetic structure of, and directional gene flow among, populations to predict the likely future spread of the pathogen in the northwest and to estimate effective population size (N e ). We also pyrosequenced the DRB1-like exon 2 of the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in 160 individuals to explore immunogenetic selection by WNS. We identified three major neutral genetic clusters: Eastern, Montane Cordillera (and adjacent sampling areas), and Haida Gwaii, with admixture at intermediate areas and significant substructure west of the prairies. Estimates of N e were unexpectedly low (289-16 000). Haida Gwaii may provide temporary refuge from WNS, but the western mountain ranges are not barriers to its dispersal in M. lucifugus and are unlikely to slow its spread. Our major histocompatibility complex (MHC) data suggest potential selection by WNS on the MHC, but gene duplication limited the immunogenetic analyses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prelude to a panzootic: Gene flow and immunogenetic variation in northern little brown myotis vulnerable to bat white-nose syndrome

Davy

Donaldson

Rico

et al. 2017

FACETS

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“…Los valores de diversidad genética observados en la presente investigación son consistentes con lo reportado en estudios moleculares basados en el ADNmt de A. jamaicensis, los cuales señalan que esta especie posee una alta diversidad genética con valores de h cercanos a 1.0 (Carstens et al 2004;Ruíz et al 2013;Del Real-Monroy et al 2014). El impacto de la fragmentación del hábitat Cuadro 2.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En el presente estudio se encontró un haplotipo por individuo en ambas poblaciones, lo cual se refleja en su diversidad muy alta (h = 1). Esto podría deberse al tamaño del muestreo (34 individuos), el cual es pequeño comparado con otros estudios (de 49 a 193 individuos; Carstens et al 2004;Fleming et al 2009;Ruíz et al 2013;Del Real-Monroy et al 2014), y a la ubicación de las redes de colecta en sitios con disponibilidad de alimentos. Además, el D-loop tiene una alta tasa de evolución, de sustitución y polimorfismo (Lunt et al 1998), que promueve altos valores de diversidad genética.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Los bajos valores de diversidad nucleotídica (π < 0.03) reportados en este estudio son congruentes con lo registrado en otros estudios de A. jamaicensis, los cuales oscilan entre 0.009 y 0.1086 (Carstens et al 2004;Fleming et al 2009;Ruíz et al 2013;Del Real-Monroy et al 2014). La diversidad nucleotídica de la localidad Pantaleón (π = 0.029) es ligeramente mayor a la de Manacal (π = 0.020), debido a un mayor número de sitios polimórficos en Pantaleón y a las pocas mutaciones presentes en diferentes sitios polimórficos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La aclimatación a distintos tipos de hábitats (Clutton-Broock 1988), y la alta vagilidad de A. jamaicensis, le facilita un flujo génico alto entre sus poblaciones, lo que reduce su diferenciación genética (Carstens et al 2004;Rossiter et al 2012;Vázquez-Domínguez et al 2013;Del Real-Monroy et al 2014). La conexión entre las poblaciones de A. jamaicensis es sostenida por el resultado del AMOVA, el cual indica que el mayor porcentaje de variación genética se reparte entre los individuos dentro de las poblaciones (94.62%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Diversidad y estructura genética de artibeus jamaicensis (chiroptera: phyllostomidae) en Chiapas, México

Macias¹,

Ruiz-Montoya²,

Bautista³

et al. 2017

AZM

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RESUMEN. La deforestación de las selvas provoca la fragmentación de los hábitats, lo cual interviene en la composición, abundancia y demografía de las especies, y por lo tanto, en el aislamiento poblacional en muchas especies. Los impactos de la fragmentación dependerán de la capacidad de respuesta de las especies a los disturbios en su há-bitat, y de la configuración y estructura del paisaje. En algunas poblaciones, la fragmentación del hábitat puede provocar el aislamiento poblacional a largo plazo, por la reducción del tamaño poblacional y el debilitamiento de relaciones entre individuos, aún en especies de alta movilidad como los murciélagos. En México, A. jamaicensis es de los murciélagos más estudiados; sin embargo, son pocos los trabajos enfocados en conocer los impactos de la modificación de su hábitat, en su diversidad y estructura genética. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la diversidad, la estructura y la diferenciación genética, así como analizar la historia demográfica de A. jamaicensis en dos hábitats diferentes, utilizando un fragmento de 396 pb de la región mitocondrial D-loop. La red de haplotipos reveló 34 haplotipos únicos de 34 individuos analizados. La diversidad haplotípica fue alta (h = 1) para ambas poblaciones, y la diversidad nucleotídica fue relativamente baja (< 0.03). El análisis de la distribución de diferencias nucleotídi-cas pareadas (distribución mismatch), y los valores negativos de los estadísticos basados en pruebas de neutralidad, sugieren un proceso de expansión demográfica reciente y repentina de A. jamaicensis. Una moderada diferenciación genética apunta a que existe estructura gené-tica de A. jamaicensis. Palabras clave: D-loop, diversidad genética, estructura, haplotipos, historia demográfica. ABSTRACT. Deforestation causes fragmentation of habitats, which in turn affects the composition, abundance and demography of species, and therefore the population isolation of many species. The impacts of fragmentation will depend on the responsiveness of the species to disturbances in their habitat, and the configuration and structure of landscape. In some populations, habitat fragmentation can cause long-term population isolation by the reduction in population size and the weakening of relations between individuals, even in highly mobile species like bats. In Mexico, A. jamaicensis is the most studied bat; however, few studies focused on the knowledge of the impacts of habitat modification in its diversity and genetic structure. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity, structure and genetic differentiation, and analyze demographic history of A. jamaicensis in two different habitats, using a 396 bp fragment of the mitochondrial Dloop region. Haplotype network revealed 34 unique haplotypes of 34 individuals analyzed. Haplotype diversity was high (h = 1) for both populations, and nucleotide diversity was relatively low (< 0.03). The analysis of the distribution of pairwise differences between sequences and negative values of statisti...

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Major histocompatibility complex variation is similar in little brown bats before and after white‐nose syndrome outbreak

Donner

Marquardt

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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White‐nose syndrome (WNS), caused by the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), has driven alarming declines in North American hibernating bats, such as little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus). During hibernation, infected little brown bats are able to initiate anti‐Pd immune responses, indicating pathogen‐mediated selection on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. However, such immune responses may not be protective as they interrupt torpor, elevate energy costs, and potentially lead to higher mortality rates. To assess whether WNS drives selection on MHC genes, we compared the MHC DRB gene in little brown bats pre‐ (Wisconsin) and post‐ (Michigan, New York, Vermont, and Pennsylvania) WNS (detection spanning 2014–2015). We genotyped 131 individuals and found 45 nucleotide alleles (27 amino acid alleles) indicating a maximum of 3 loci (1–5 alleles per individual). We observed high allelic admixture and a lack of genetic differentiation both among sampling sites and between pre‐ and post‐WNS populations, indicating no signal of selection on MHC genes. However, post‐WNS populations exhibited decreased allelic richness, reflecting effects from bottleneck and drift following rapid population declines. We propose that mechanisms other than adaptive immunity are more likely driving current persistence of little brown bats in affected regions.

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MHC-DRB Exon 2 Diversity of the Jamaican Fruit-Eating Bat (Artibeus jamaicensis) from Mexico

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Prelude to a panzootic: Gene flow and immunogenetic variation in northern little brown myotis vulnerable to bat white-nose syndrome

Prelude to a panzootic: Gene flow and immunogenetic variation in northern little brown myotis vulnerable to bat white-nose syndrome

Diversidad y estructura genética de artibeus jamaicensis (chiroptera: phyllostomidae) en Chiapas, México

Major histocompatibility complex variation is similar in little brown bats before and after white‐nose syndrome outbreak

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